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This chapter has its origins in a Swedish version but has been updated through studies conducted as part of a Nordic research project on the 0governance of AI and automated decision-making in the public sector, and within the framework of a research cluster on the AI welfare state. The analysis aims to deepen our understanding of how European AI regulation is grappling with regulating a moving tar

In order to elucidate the multidimensional response mechanism for migration of antibiotics and spread of resistome in riverbed driven by river water level fluctuations, dynamic reactors were set up to simulate the variation of sulfamethazine vertical migration, biotransformation and resistance genes expression according to fluctuation direction and magnitude. The upward fluctuation of water level

Nanowires have an ideal shape for high-resolution imaging, with a small cross-section for high resolution and a long length for strong absorption. However, since the absorption in nanowires is dominated by nanophotonic effects, it is unclear what resolution and efficiency such devices could offer. Here, we investigate the limits of spatial resolution and efficiency of nanowire-based direct detecto

Metal–organic frameworks such as ZIF-8, grown in situ on nanocellulose (NC), have gained significant attention in recent years due to the versatility of the processing route and multifaceted application in the field of environmental remediation and biomedical applications. However, insights into the interactions between NC and MOF precursors and MOF structure evolution during in situ synthesis are

BackgroundEarly detection of cerebral palsy (CP) is essential to initiate timely intervention andimprove long-term outcomes for infants at risk. The General MovementsAssessment (GMA) is a well-established tool for early identification of CP, yet itsimplementation in routine clinical practice faces challenges related to access andscalability.AimThis thesis explores the use of GMA as a screening too

The impact of climate on the annual cycle and interannual variability of CO2 fluxes is assessed in European evergreen needleleaf forests (ENFs) and deciduous broadleaf forests (DBFs) using observations from 19 sites, alongside outputs from process-based and data-driven models. All models capture the temporal phasing of CO2 fluxes, including a shorter sequestration period in northern rather than so

The structural integration of energy storage could play a pivotal role in designing more efficient, lightweight systems such as electric transport, internet of things (IoT) devices and autonomous systems. The current work focuses on the fabrication and characterization of novel multifunctional composites for sodium-ion structural batteries. A PEO-PVP polymer matrix with added InAs nanowires and gl

Inhibition of adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is under increasing investigation for its therapeutic potential in many diseases. Existing AMPK inhibitors are however limited, with poor selectivity and substantial off-target effects. Here, we provide mechanistic insights and describe the cellular selectivity of the recently identified AMPK inhibitor BAY-3827. A 2.5-Å

Amplification of the MYCN proto-oncogene serves as a key marker of aggressive disease and poor treatment outcomes in certain pediatric tumors originating from the nervous system, including neuroblastoma and medulloblastoma. However, the complex nature of the challenging MYCN protein underscores the urgent need for additional targets and therapies to tackle neuroblastoma and medulloblastoma. In thi

Dynamic quantum effects in biological systems is a hotly debated question, which since recently has been experiencing renewed wave of broad attention [1]. This discussion was initiated by the application of the multidimensional spectroscopy techniques for investigating dynamics in biological complexes. Is nature really optimized to use non-trivial quantum effects, like dynamically evolving coheren

Two-dimensional femtosecond broadband electronic spectroscopy was used to simultaneously probe parallel pathways of energy transfer in the major light harvesting complex of Photosystem II from plants. Sub-100 femtosecond relaxation between delocalized excitonic states on highly coupled clusters of chlorophylls and several hundred femtosecond to picosecond components of relaxation between clusters

Two-dimensional optical spectroscopy is used to probe electronic couplings and ultrafast dynamics in photosynthetic light-harvesting complexes. Data and analysis reveal contributions to line-broadening, signatures of weakly- and strongly-coupled chromophores, and pathways of energy transfer.

Mot bakgrund av tilltagande ekologiska kriser, växande socioekonomiska ojämlikheter och ett klimat i förändring har behovet av att omvandla jordbrukssystem mot hållbarhet och rättvisa blivit alltmer akut. En sådan omvandling hindras emellertid ofta av djuprotade strukturer och institutionella arrangemang som gynnar snävt definierade föreställningar om produktivitet och marknadseffektivitet. DärigeAmid escalating ecological crises, widening socio-economic inequalities, and intensifying climate change, the imperative to transform agricultural systems towards sustainability and equity has become increasingly urgent. Yet suchtransformation is often hindered by entrenched institutional and structural arrangements that privilege narrowly defined notions of productivity and market efficiency, the

Flexural bond strength is a key parameter influencing the structural performance of masonry, yet its accurate prediction remains challenging due to the complex interplay of multiple material and testing variables. This study presents a machine learning (ML) framework for predicting flexural bond strength using a harmonized database comprising 1041 test specimens. Additionally, a review of 67 publi

This study investigates the impact of brick types and workmanship on water penetration in brick masonry veneer walls. Masonry specimens, built by two masons using solid and perforated bricks with two different laying methods, were subjected to an average water spray rate of 28 l/m²·h. Results indicate that, on average, the water penetration rate was approximately twice as high in solid bricks as i