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This article discusses the role of language skills, mainly with regard to foreign languages, in historical research. Three principal functions of language as a historical method are identified: 1) language skills as a tool for acquiring knowledge of the international state-of-the-art; 2) language skills as a tool for communicating research; and 3) language skills as a tool for interpreting histori
Training and communication are essential elements in the implementation of environmental management systems (EMS). This study is based on two main questions: (i) What methods for training and communication will support the implementation of EMS at a university? and, (ii) How did faculty and staff perceive the training and communication activities? The study includes a literature review, a case stu
Popular Abstract in Swedish Genom observationer och experiment kan man konstruera modeller för att beskriva otaliga fenomen och aspekter av det universum vi lever i. Den huvudsakliga ingrediensen i en dylik modell är ofta en partiell differentialekvation. Sådana ekvationer kan beskriva så vitt skilda fenomen som t.ex. hur galaxer bildas, hur luftflöden transporteras i atmosfären, hur kemikalier reThis thesis is based on five papers, which all analyse different aspects of splitting schemes when applied to nonlinear parabolic problems. These numerical methods are frequently used when a problem has a natural decomposition into two or more parts, as the computational cost may then be significantly decreased compared to other methods. There are two prominent themes in the thesis; the first con
OBJECTIVE:: To compare the effects of ST-waveform analysis in combination with cardiotocography with conventional cardiotocography for intrapartum fetal monitoring. DATA SOURCES:: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and PubMed for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating ST-waveform analysis for intrapartum fetal monitoring. METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION:: We identified RCTs that compared ST-waveform
We describe a laser-driven x-ray plasma source designed for ultrafast x-ray absorption spectroscopy. The source is comprised of a 1 kHz, 20 W, femtosecond pulsed infrared laser and a water target. We present the x-ray spectra as a function of laser energy and pulse duration. Additionally, we investigate the plasma temperature and photon flux as we vary the laser energy. We obtain a 75 mu m FWHM x-
During pregnancy, the uterine tissues must go through a major transformation to be able to first hold the growing fetus and then, at term, expel it through the opened birth canal (cervix). It is a requirement for successful labor that there is adequate cervical softening combined with effective myometrial contractions. This is accomplished by an extensive remodeling of the extracellular matrix in
X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS) is a congenital progressive inherited retinal disease that affects the entire retina and is one of the more common causes of vision loss from retinal degeneration affecting young men,. The progression is variable but seems to be relatively stationary in the ages 6 to 25 years. Patients with XLRS lack a functional retinoschisin protein in the eye, because of mutation i
Exposure to some pesticides and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) has been indicated to be a risk factor for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been associated with some subgroups of NHL. In a previous study we found an interaction between high concentrations of some POPs and titres of antibodies to EBV early antigen (EA IgG) in relation to NHL. In the present study we m
In order to allow different software applications, in constant evolution, to interact and exchange data, flexible file formats are needed. A file format specification for different types of content has been elaborated to allow communication of data for the software developed within the European Network of Excellence "NANOQUANTA", focusing on first-principles calculations of materials and nanosyste
The decays [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are studied with the ATLAS detector at the LHC using a dataset corresponding to integrated luminosities of 4.9 and 20.6 fb[Formula: see text] of pp collisions collected at centre-of-mass energies [Formula: see text] TeV and 8 TeV, respectively. Signal candidates are identified through [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] decays. With a
The fabrication and application of an intracellular K+-selective microelectrode is demonstrated. ZnO nanowires with a diameter of 100-180 nm and a length of approximately 1.5. m are grown on a borosilicate glass microcapillary. The ZnO nanowires were coated by a K+-ionophore-containing membrane. The K+-selective microelectrode exhibited a K+-dependent potentiometric response versus an Ag/AgCl refe
This manuscript proposes a novel viewpoint on computing systems' modelling. The classical approach is to consider fully functional systems and model them, aiming at closing some external loops to optimise their behaviour. On the contrary, we only model strictly physical phenomena, and realise the rest of the system as a set of controllers. Such an approach permits rigorous assessment of the obtain
BACKGROUND: Arsenic (As) causes oxidative stress through generation of reactive oxygen species. 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), a sensitive marker of oxidative DNA damage, has been associated with As exposure in some studies, but not in others, possibly due to population-specific genetic factors. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the association between As and 8-oxodG in urine in a population
Objective: To determine whether breast feeding or the use of oral contraceptives (OCs) affects the future risk of rheumatoid arthritis ( RA) in a community-based prospective cohort. Methods: A community-based health survey (18 326 women) was linked to regional and national registers, and incident cases of RA were identified. All women with a diagnosis of RA after inclusion in the health survey (n
Background: Little is known of vitamin D concentration in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its relation with CSF acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, a marker of cholinergic function. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 52 consecutive patients under primary evaluation of cognitive impairment and 17 healthy controls. The patients had AD dementia or mild cognitive impairmen
Background. CRIM1 is a plasma membrane bound protein containing six cysteine-rich repeats (CRR). Through these, CRIM1 has been shown to interact with a subgroup of the TGF-β superfamily, the bone morphogenic proteins (BMP) isoforms 2, 4 and 7. The probable action is to modulate the signalling properties of these factors. CRIM1 has also been shown to regulate the release of VEGFA by podocytes durin
The production of space contains an antagonism between a use-value relation and an exchange-value relation. In this paper these categories are used to analyse two empirical cases from Bergen, Norway. The first case concerns a public debate in 2005, about whether Clear Channel should be allowed to install advertising boards in the city. The second case concerns a debate in 2007, about whether Berge
