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SPECT projections are contaminated by scatter, resulting in reduced image contrast and quantitative errors. When tissue is present behind the source, some of the detected photons backscatter via this tissue. Particularly in dual-isotope SPECT and in combined emission-transmission SPECT, backscatter constitutes a major part of the down-scatter contamination in lower-energy windows. In this paper, t
Synovial sarcoma is a morphologically, clinically and genetically distinct entity that accounts for 5-10% of all soft tissue sarcomas. The t(X;18)(p11.2;q11.2) is the cytogenetic hallmark of synovial sarcoma and is present in more than 90% of the cases. It produces three types of fusion gene formed in part by SS18 from chromosome 18 and by SSX1, SSX2 or, rarely, SSX4 from the X chromosome. The SS1
The paper presents a fed-batch fermentation technique for bioreactors operating close to their maximum oxygen transfer capacity. The method combines the advantages of the probing feeding strategy and the temperature limited fed-batch technique. When the maximum oxygen transfer capacity of the reactor is reached, the temperature is decreased to lower the oxygen demand. To achieve a good control of
Phylogenetic relationships within the family Parmeliaceae (lichenized ascomycetes) with emphasis on the heterogeneous group of cetrarioid lichens are reconstructed. The results are based on cladistic analyses of DNA-sequences, morphological and chemical data. Almost all currently recognized cetrarioid genera were included in the analyses together with parmelioid and alectorioid members of the pres
The objective of this study was to characterise anaerobic batch biodegradation of potato waste alone and when co-digested with sugar beet leaves. The effects of increasing concentration of potato waste expressed as percentage of total solids (TS) and the initial inoculum-to-substrate ratio (ISR) on methane yield and productivity were investigated. The ISRs studied were in the range 9.0-0.25 and in
Transport policies often contain explicit goals for the travel quality of disabled passenger groups. Addressing the user perspective, focus group discussions with wheelchair-seated passengers (using bus transit and Special Transportation Services) were therefore held, in order to qualitatively explore perceived comfort and safety - two important quality factors. The comfort and safety constructs w
Gold nanoparticles are routinely used as 'seeds' to grow semiconductor nanowires and it has now been discovered that the nanowires grow faster when the gold seeds are placed closer together.
A sensitivity analysis was performed testingweathering rates, critical loads andexceedances for Swedish forest soils using Monte Carlosimulations of the PROFILE model. Different subsetsof input data were investigated with respect to theirpotential to reduce data uncertainty at site level butalso for modified estimates of the 5%-ile critical load andthe 95%-ile exceedance on 150×150 kmresolution. P
In a quantum-mechanical system, particle-hole duality implies that instead of studying particles, we can get equivalent information by studying the missing particles, the so-called holes. Using this duality picture for fermions in a rotating trap the vortices appear as holes in the Fermi sea. Here we predict that the formation of vortices in quantum dots at high magnetic fields causes oscillations
Copolymers of N-acryloyl-m-aminophenylboronic acid (NAAPBA) with N,N-dimethylarcrylamide (DMAA) formed insoluble interpolymer complexes with mucin from porcine stomach at pH 9.0. The complex formation based on boronate-sugar interactions took place between the similarly charged macromolecules and resulted in coacervate particles formation, which depended both on pH and ionic strength of the soluti
Torture can be defined as the deliberate or systematic infliction of physical or mental suffering to force another person to yield information, as a punishment or to destroy a person's identity. The aim of the physiotherapy treatment for persons who have undergone torture is to relieve or reduce pain, correct musculoskeletal dysfunctions, teach the client to cope with pain, and regain body awarene
Our aim was to evaluate the severity of liver disease resulting from chronic hepatitis C in haemophilia or von Willebrand disease and the efficacy of 6 months treatment with interferon alpha and ribavirin. Fifty-five liver biopsies were performed in 43 patients without any bleeding complications, as seen with ultrasound immediately after the biopsy and 48 h thereafter. Histological changes were mi
To examine pathways of glutamate and glutamine metabolism in the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutus, tracer kinetic experiments were performed using L-[U-C-14]glutamate and L-[U-C-14]glutamine and the enzyme inhibitors methionine sulfoximine (MSX), azaserine (AZA) and aminooxyacetate (AOA). When [C-14]glutamate was supplied to fungal cultures, 25% of the radioactivity of the amino acid frac
This paper empirically addresses two questions using a large, individual-level Swedish data set which links mortality data to health survey data. The first question is whether there is an effect of an individual's self-assessed health (SAH) on his subsequent survival probability and if this effect differs by socioeconomic factors. Our results indicate that the effect of SAH on mortality risk decli
Programmes driving ELT design are discussed. The nature and evolution of circum-stellar shells and planetary discs are attractive, while the small angular sizes place basic properties, asymmetry and warps, beyond VLT capability. An ELT is neeed to reveal the conversion processes shell - disc - planets, planetary systems, Earth-like planets, habitability and life signatures. Formation and evolution
Background and Study Aims: Sedation and monitoring practice during colonoscopy varies between centers and over time. Knowledge of current practice is needed to ensure quality of care and help focus future research. The objective of this study was to examine sedation and monitoring practice in endoscopy centers internationally. Patients and Methods: This observational study included consecutive pat
Fat cadherins constitute a subclass of the large cadherin family characterized by the presence of 34 cadherin motifs. To date, three mammalian Fat cadherins have been described; however, only limited information is known about the function of these molecules. In this paper, we describe the second fat cadherin in Drosophila, fat-like (ftl). We show that ftl is the true orthologue of vertebrate fat-
Associations between the glycemic index (GI) or glycemic load (GL) and diseases are heterogeneous in epidemiological studies. Differences in assigning GI values to food items may contribute to this inconsistency. Our objective was to address methodological issues related to the use of current GI and GL values in epidemiological studies. We performed ecological comparison and correlation studies by
We describe how upper limb amputees can be made to experience a rubber hand as part of their own body. This was accomplished by applying synchronous touches to the stump, which was out of view, and to the index finger of a rubber hand, placed in full view (26 cm medial to the stump). This elicited an illusion of sensing touch on the artificial hand, rather than on the stump and a feeling of owners
Lifetimes of four short-lived levels belonging to the 4f(8)(F-7)6p configuration of Tb III have been measured using a two-step excitation time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence technique. They agree quite well with multiconfigurational relativistic Hartree-Fock calculations performed with inclusion of core-polarization effects. Using the experimental lifetimes and the theoretical branching fract
