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Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) make up a large fraction of mammalian genomes and are thought to contribute to human disease, including brain disorders. In the brain, aberrant activation of ERVs is a potential trigger for an inflammatory response, but mechanistic insight into this phenomenon remains lacking. Using CRISPR/Cas9-based gene disruption of the epigenetic co-repressor protein Trim28, we f
Inherent limitations of the traditional approaches to study brain function and disease, such as rodent models and 2D cell culture platforms, have led to the development of 3D in vitro cell culture systems. These systems, products of multidisciplinary efforts encompassing stem cell biology, materials engineering, and biofabrication, have quickly shown great potential to mimic biochemical compositio
Kunskapsintensiva företagstjänster (KIBS) har en nyckelroll i den ekonomiska utvecklingen. Deras konkurrenskraft och värdeskapande processer bygger på komplexa samarbetsrelationer med kunder och andra aktörer. Av den anledningen har forskningen konventionellt lyft fram att dessa företags konkurrenskraft är starkt beroende av geografisk närhet till stora klient- och arbetsmarknader liksom till avanKnowledge intensive business services (KIBS) play a key role in economic development. Due to the complex and collaborative nature of their value creation processes, it is conventionally argued that they depend strongly on physical proximity to large client-, and labour-markets, as well as on closeness to advanced knowledge infrastructures. This thesis partially questions such conventional assumpti
BACKGROUND: Mesoamerica is severely affected by an epidemic of Chronic Kidney Disease of non-traditional origin (CKDnt), an epidemic with a marked variation within countries. We sought to describe the spatial distribution of CKDnt in Mesoamerica and examine area-level crop and climate risk factors.METHODS: CKD mortality or hospital admissions data was available for five countries: Mexico, Guatemal
A common problem when studying groundwater contamination in low-income countries is that data required for a detailed risk assessment are limited. This study presents a method for assessment of the potential impact of groundwater contamination by total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) in a data-scarce region. Groundwater modeling, using the MODFLOW, was used to simulate regional-scale flow pattern. Th
I denna avhandling undersöks sökmotorers och mobila redskaps betydelse i unga människors vardagsliv. Studien har genomförts i en svensk kontext med deltagare i åldern 13–16 år. Avhandlingen tar avstamp i den utbreddatillgången till sökmotorer vilken möjliggörs genom smarta mobiler, laptops, surfplattor och datorer. Detta scenario innebär att det är möjligt att söka information om nästan vadsomhels
This paper is an attempt to evaluate the impact of the oil refinery industry on water resources worldwide from the point of view of sustainable development (SD). The local laws, reports from the industry and environmental agencies, conditions of the final disposal system were analysed. Key aspects, such as existing approaches for treatment systems, quality of treated wastewater, and ways to assure
We prove a sharp Lipschitz bound for isotropic matrix functions in terms of the Lipschitz constant for the underlying vector field.
The notion of authenticity arises in tourism research in two ways: In theory, as a contentious, complicated and disputed construct; empirically, as a recurrent theme in accounts of tourist experiences of place and culture and as a quality of tourists' experiences. This duality creates tension over the utility of authenticity in research and theory. We review recent literature on authenticity withi
This study seeks a better understanding of possible pathophysiological mechanisms associated with cognitive impairment and dementia in Parkinson's disease using structural and functional MRI. We investigated resting-state functional connectivity of important subdivisions of the caudate nucleus, putamen and thalamus, and also how the morphology of these structures are impacted in the disorder. We f
Raman spectroscopy is widely used for characterization of carbon-based mate- rials including light-absorbing carbonaceous (LAC) matter. However, informa- tion on polarization properties of these materials are generally lacking, and often the polarization characteristics of experiments are not presented in the literature thereby giving uncertainty to presented data. In this work, the polari- zation
Low impact falls to the side are the main cause of hip fractures in elderly. Finite element (FE) models of the proximal femur may help in the assessment of patients at high risk for a hip fracture. However, extensive validation is essential before these models can be used in a clinical setting. This study aims to use strain measurements from bilateral digital image correlation to validate an FE mo
Cancer is a complex disease with various genetic and epigenetic driving factors. Cancer cells form a favored microenvironment to sustain their uncontrolled behavior leading to abnormal growth. With standard treatment including chemotherapy, relapse risk is high due to the resistance that cancer cells can develop against chemotherapy agents. Immuno-oncological therapeutics, as alternatives, have sh
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The relationship between inflammation and lipid metabolism is complex and bidirectional. Lymphocyte-driven inflammation has been shown to modulate both atherosclerotic plaque development and cholesterol levels, but the mechanisms are incompletely understood.METHODS: The cardiometabolic effects of IL-2Rβγ signalling in atherosclerotic Apoe-/- mice were investigated by treatment
It is commonly argued that crises open up a window of opportunity to implement policies that otherwise would not have the necessary political backing. The argument goes that the political cost of economic and social reforms declines as crises unravel structural problems that need to be urgently rectified and the public is more willing to bear the pains associated with such reforms. This paper cast
Few empirical studies have investigated career‐related incentives for party membership, including for young party members. Through the lens of rational choice, we ask what career‐related incentives young and active party members consider when calculating costs and benefits of party membership. We argue for a broad understanding of career‐related incentives, including careers outside party politics
