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Patterns of correlations among judgments of targets on different attributes are the basis for common psychometric procedures such as factor analysis and network modeling. The outcomes of such analyses may shape the images (i.e., theories) that we as scientists have of the phenomena that we study. However, key conceptual issues tend to be overlooked in these analyses, which is especially problemati

The narrow band-gap semiconductor elemental tellurium (Te) has a unique electronic structure due to strong spin-orbit splitting and a lack of inversion symmetry of its helical lattice. Using broadband extreme ultraviolet core-level transient absorption, we simultaneously measure the coherently coupled photoinduced carrier and lattice dynamics at the Te N4,5 edge initiated by a few-cycle NIR pulse.

Background: Apolipoprotein M (ApoM), a protein component of lipoproteins, is closely related to the development of atherosclerosis, but the specific mechanism remains elusive. Mitochondrial DNA damage can contribute to atherosclerosis, so this study was designed to investigate whether ApoM influences the structure and function of mitochondria during the progression of atherosclerosis and to explor

Context: Land-use intensification to increase yields is often detrimental to biodiversity undermining the provision of ecosystem services. However, it is questionable if ecosystem service providers contribute to ecological intensification by achieving the same or higher yields than conventional high-intensity agriculture. Objectives: In this study, we aimed to disentangle the effects of local and

Designing technologies that clothe, adorn, or are otherwise placed on the body raises questions concerning the role they will play in dressing ourselves. We situate self-fashioning - or the process through which we stylise and present our bodies - as a complex practice where a series of social, material, and contextual factors shape how we present ourselves. Informed by reflective discussions and

Purpose: A multimodal artificial intelligence (MMAI) biomarker was developed using clinical trial data from North American men with localized prostate cancer treated with definitive radiation, using biopsy digital pathology images and key clinical information (age, PSA, and T-stage) to generate prognostic scores. This study externally validates the biomarker in a prospective, real-world dataset of

Background: Surface electromyography is commonly used to elucidate the effect of anterior cruciate ligament injury on neuromuscular function. For comparisons, electromyography is normalized to a known value, such as peak activation during maximum voluntary isometric contractions. However, a knee injury may compromise one's ability to achieve a true maximal effort. A simple musculoskeletal model ma

Since its emergence in late 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has continuously evolved, giving rise to multiple variants that have significantly altered the trajectory of the COVID-19 pandemic. These variants have resulted in multiple waves of the pandemic, exhibiting characteristic mutations in the spike (S) protein that may have affected receptor interaction, tis

Background: Visual expertise is pivotal for accurate ECG interpretation. We aimed to identify and measure expertise-based differences in visual search patterns, cognitive load, and diagnostic accuracy during ECG analysis using eye-tracking technology. Methods: First- to third-year residents and board-certified expert cardiologists interpreted ECGs of patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome

As rapid urbanization intensified pressure on coastal ecosystems, balancing economic development with ecological preservation remained a critical challenge. This study developed a multi-criteria framework for integrated marine spatial planning and applied it to Shenzhen, China—a rapidly expanding coastal metropolis overseeing 1145 km2 of marine territory with a 260.5 km coastline, 61.47% of which

The transport of biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (bDOC) across land-water boundaries is central to supporting the ecological and biogeochemical functioning of freshwater ecosystems. Yet, we know little about how the generation and supply of terrestrial bDOC to streams and lakes is regulated by the physical, biological, and hydrological properties of the riparian interface. Here, we assessed

The interplay between Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) and viral hepatitis, primarily hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), presents a complex challenge in managing chronic liver diseases. Recent epidemiological insights suggest an escalating prevalence of MASLD globally, attributed mainly to the obesity epidemic and associated metabolic disorders. Co

År 2045 har Sverige som mål att ha netto-noll utsläpp av växthusgaser. Från och med år 2019 betyder det att utsläppen måste minska med 6–10 % per år. År 2018 stod bygg- och fastighetssektorn i Sverige för 21 % av landets utsläpp av växthusgaser, vilket motsvarade 11,8 miljoner ton koldioxidekvivalenter. Om de utsläpp på 5,8 miljoner ton koldioxidekvivalenter som genererades på grund av import av s

The most widely used definition of a species is that it is reproductively isolated from other populations. Yet, most species are described on the basis of morphological criteria, and reproductive isolation is seldom tested. Using the ant genus Myrmica Latreille (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) as a model, we ask whether species described as distinct based on (often subtle) morphological differences indee

Background A substantial untapped potential for risk reduction may be fulfilled by applying intensive lifestyle interventions targeting the co-existing risky lifestyle factors Smoking, Nutrition (both malnutrition and obesity), risky Alcohol intake, and Physical inactivity (SNAP) before surgery. This trial will compare the effect of combined and individually tailored prehabilitation with standard

Biphasic insulin secretion, which fails in type 2 diabetes, can be provoked by various nutrient stimuli, glucose being the superior physiological one. To identify pathways that may play a role in β-cell stimulus-secretion coupling, we compared β-cell and islet functional, secretory, and metabolic responses to glucose and 2-aminobicyclo-(2,2,1)-heptane-2-carboxylic acid (BCH), a leucine analog, tha

We examine the vacuum stability of gauge symmetry breaking in five dimensions, compactified on the S1/(Z2×Z2′) orbifold. We consider SU(N), Sp(N), SO(2N), and SO(2N+1) theories in the bulk, and provide an exhaustive classification of possible parity assignments that lead to stable orbifolds and of the corresponding symmetry breaking patterns. We use these results in the search for viable asymptoti

Introduction Current methods to measure the effectiveness of pancreatic protease activity are inadequate. We explored the measurement of peptide-derived amino acids following ingestion of dietary whey substrate as a sensitive test of exogenous protease activity in exocrine pancreatic insufficient (EPI) pigs. Methods We studied the activity of aspergillus protease given in combination with a novel

We report tunneling spectroscopy and transport measurements in superconducting Al and ferromagnetic insulator EuS bilayers. The samples display remanent spin splitting, roughly half the superconducting gap, and supercurrent transport above the average paramagnetic limit. We interpret this behavior as arising from the interplay between two characteristic length scales: the superconducting coherence