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The goal of this chapter is to provide an overview of key concepts related to modelling accident frequency, considering the random nature of traffic accidents. This includes topics such as the expected number of accidents (the 'true' yet unobserved measure of safety), regression-to-the-mean (RTM) and the safety-in-numbers phenomenon, which were briefly introduced in the chapter on accident data. T
Growing concerns about emissions, urban traffic congestion, and the promotion of an active lifestyle are inducing more people to choose bike for their daily commute. The increase in bike usage underscores the need for improving the cyclist’s safety. Our study examined the 72 363 cyclist crashes that occurred in Great Britain in the period 2016-2019 with the objective of (1) examining how various f
The objective of this investigation was to explore a hybrid application of Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) and Fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (FsQCA) to assess the impact of safety-related behavioural traits on the performance of bicyclists using a limited sample of data as a case study. These behavioural characteristics of cyclists are fundamental when specific cyclist groups are
This essay is the first systematic study of intramural executions in Sweden. It examines how intramural executions were introduced, and what effects it had on the publicity of executions. All intramural executions 1879‒1910 are studied. The essay presents three notable findings. First, that the aim of the introduction of intramural executions was not to exclude spectators per se, but to exclude wo
Background: The carba mix is used to screen rubber chemical allergy and consists of three rubber sensitising chemicals: 1% (w/w) zinc diethyldithiocarbamate (ZDEC), 1% (w/w) zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate (ZDBC) and 1% (w/w) 1,3-diphenylguanidine (DPG), all in petrolatum. However, carba mix patch test results can be difficult to interpret, which may be linked to so-called ‘cocktail’ effects. Objectiv
Most agricultural and food policies often overlook diversity of farming households, resulting in generalized and ineffective interventions. Recognizing changing and diverse characteristics of farm types is therefore critical. Using data from 502 households in West Pokot County, Kenya, we employ principal component and cluster analyses to create farm typologies to guide targeted policy intervention
Synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymer microspheres using precipitation polymerization was first reported in 1999 in Lund. The synthetic approach attracted great interest for molecular imprinters worldwide due to its simplicity. Following the initial demonstration of feasibility for material synthesis, imprinted polymer microspheres were found to exhibit good colloidal stability qualifying for
CONTEXT: Type 2 diabetes is a growing global concern with serious complications, including kidney damage and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Monitoring albuminuria, which is associated with these complications, is crucial in optimal diabetes management. Gut microbiota composition has been suggested to impact albuminuria, but large studies with granular data are lacking.METHODS: We investig
In a time marked by rising geopolitical tensions and societal conflicts, the traditional corporate emphasis on maximizing shareholder value is increasingly evolving towards a more public-oriented approach that includes societal and ethical considerations. Should organizations invest in activities that are not their primary responsibilities? Based on conflict management, corporate social responsibi
This is the software artifact for the paper "Dynamic Dependency-Based Purity Checking" published in ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Software Language Engineering (SLE) 2025.The artifact was reviewed and awarded with the badges "Available" and "Reusable" (see https://www.acm.org/publications/policies/artifact-review-and-badging-current).
Indiana Jones’ staunch anti-Nazism and the franchise’s satirical belittling and ridicule of the Third Reich render its protagonist an antifascist memetic icon. While considerable attention has been devoted to the digital media landscape of the right, less emphasis is given to left-wing movements and memetic warfare. Through analysis of humorous representations of German Nazis in the films, where N
This is the software artifact for the paper "Property Probes: Source Code Based Exploration of Program Analysis Results" published in ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Software Language Engineering (SLE) 2022.The artifact was reviewed and awarded with the badges "Available" and "Reusable" (see https://www.acm.org/publications/policies/artifact-review-and-badging-current).
Trademarks increasingly serve as indicators of product innovation and broader industry shifts, encompassing a wide range of innovation activities and soft innovations often overlooked by patents. However, research on the relationship between trademarks and innovation remains in its early stages, with a lack of exploration into China's soft innovation from the trademark perspective. This paper addr
Viral protein X (Vpx) is a unique accessory protein encoded by the genome of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) and lineages of the simian immunodeficiency virus of sooty mangabeys. So far, counteracting the cellular restriction factor SAMHD1 and mediating the efficient translocation of viral pre-integration complex have been recognized as key functions of Vpx; however, a thorough exp
Safety in general and fire safety in particular are key concerns in neutron-based research facilities, and the choice of the material that is used to stop neutron radiation is critical in this respect. Borated paraffin has been used at existing research facilities and could potentially be used at new facilities. However, a literature search resulted in very little information about the fire proper
