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Introduced social insects can be highly invasive outside of their native range. Around the world, the introduction and establishment of the eusocial bumblebee Bombus terrestris (L. 1758) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) has negatively impacted native pollinators and ecosystems. Understanding how morphological variation is linked to environmental variation across invasive ranges can indicate how rapidly speci
We use Helianthemum oelandicum subsp. oelandicum as a model for studies of mechanisms shaping the diversity in a rapidly radiating lineage of the H. oelandicum aggregate. Locally, correlations between drainage conditions (using GIS to measure variation in the micro-Topography on the more or less horizontal bedrock) and frequency of alleles of Mendelian genes for pubescence indicated that hairs are
The dramatic improvements in Boolean satisfiability (SAT) solving since the turn of the millennium have made it possible to leverage conflict-driven clause learning (CDCL) solvers for many combinatorial problems in academia and industry, and the use of proof logging has played a crucial role in increasing the confidence that the results these solvers produce are correct. However, the fact that SAT
Background: The aim of this study was to describe the trends in the incidence, prevalence and survival of patients on kidney replacement therapy (KRT) for end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) across Europe from 2008 to 2017. Methods: Data from renal registries in 9 countries and 16 regions that provided individual patient data to the ERA Registry from 2008 to 2017 were included. These registries cover
Background: Elevated levels of cardiac troponin T has been observed in patients seeking care at the emergency department (ED) presenting with chest pain but without myocardial infarction (MI). The clinical importance of this observation remains, however, still unclear. Our main aim was to study the role of cardiac troponin T in patients admitted to the emergency department with acute dyspnea, a gr
This article presents experimental data sets about the evacuation movement and behaviour of preschool children observed during 15 evacuation drills in 10 nursery schools in the Czech Republic involving 970 children (3–7 years of age) and 87 staff members. The movement characteristics and behaviour of the children were studied in 100 measurement areas defined on evacuation routes in corridors, on s
Aims: To investigate if addition of metformin to standard care (life-style advice) reduces the occurrence of cardiovascular events and death after myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with newly detected prediabetes. Methods: The Myocardial Infarction and new treatment with Metformin study (MIMET) is a large multicentre registry-based randomised clinical trial (R-RCT) within the SWEDEHEART regis
The use of focused X-ray beams in the micron and sub-micron range has fostered the progress of a wide range of scanning microscopy approaches that exploit the numerous interactions of X-rays with matter. These methods are becoming crucial for an increasing number of research fields, such as energy materials, electronic devices, biology, to cite a few. Nanobeams produced at 4th generation synchrotr
Aims: To develop a consistent ecological indicator value system for Europe for five of the main plant niche dimensions: soil moisture (M), soil nitrogen (N), soil reaction (R), light (L) and temperature (T). Study area: Europe (and closely adjacent regions). Methods: We identified 31 indicator value systems for vascular plants in Europe that contained assessments on at least one of the five aforem
Purpose: Positron emission tomography (PET) provides in vivo quantification of amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology. Established methods for assessing Aβ burden can be affected by physiological and technical factors. Novel, data-driven metrics have been developed to account for these sources of variability. We aimed to evaluate the performance of four of these amyloid PET metrics against conventional techniqu
Migratory storks could be vectors of transmission of bacteria of public health concern mediated by the colonization, persistence and excretion of such bacteria. This study aims to determine genera/species diversity, prevalence, and co-colonization indices of bacteria obtained from tracheal (T) and nasal (N) samples from storks in relation to exposure to point sources through foraging. One-hundred
Evacuation is a crucial policy to mitigate wildfire impacts. Understanding traffic dynamics during a wildfire evacuation can help authorities to improve in improving emergency management plans, thus improving life safety. In this study, we developed a methodology to extract historical traffic data from vehicle detector stations and automate the analysis of traffic dynamics for actual wildfire evac
Background: OSA is a common sleep-breathing disorder linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Intermittent upper airway obstruction and hypoxia, hallmarks of OSA, have been shown in animal models to induce substantial changes to the gut microbiota composition, and subsequent transplantation of fecal matter to other animals induced changes in BP and glucose metabolism. Research Question:
Context. To take full advantage of upcoming large-scale spectroscopic surveys, it will be necessary to parameterize millions of stellar spectra in an efficient way. Machine learning methods, especially convolutional neural networks (CNNs), will be among the main tools geared at achieving this task. Aims. We aim to prepare the groundwork for machine learning techniques for the next generation of sp
Context. Reconstructing how all the stellar components of the Galaxy formed and assembled over time by studying the properties of the stars that form it is the aim of Galactic archaeology. Thanks to the launch of the ESA Gaia astrometric mission and the development of many spectroscopic surveys in recent years, we are for the first time in the position to delve into the layers of the past of the G
The high-prevalence blood group antigen, Sda, had been puzzling blood bankers and transfusionists for at least a decade when it was reported in 1967. The characteristic mix of agglutinates and free red blood cells (RBCs), caused by anti-Sda, is seen with the RBCs from 90 percent of individuals of European descent. However, only 2-4 percent of individuals are truly Sd(a-) and may produce anti-Sda.
The management of breast cancer during pregnancy (PrBC) is a relatively rare indication and an area where no or little evidence is available since randomized controlled trials cannot be conducted. In general, advances related to breast cancer (BC) treatment outside pregnancy cannot always be translated to PrBC, because both the interests of the mother and of the unborn should be considered. Eviden
This article is concerned with the psychological dimensions of deglobalization and white supremacy as related to fantasies of “whiteness.” The (re)construction of narratives and myths are contested processes, concerning both the struggle for control over historical and cultural space as well as the articulation of particular needs for individuals and groups in the present. We explore the stories a
Objective(s): Nitrite, a nitric oxide (NO) donor, increases insulin secretion from pancreatic islets and has positive metabolic effects in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Here, we test the hypothesis of whether nitrite-induced insulin secretion is due to blunting of diabetes-induced oxidative stress in the islets. Materials and Methods: T2D was created in male rats using a combination of streptozotocin at
Using Marcus theory, the electric-field-dependent charge-separation dynamics of non-fullerene acceptors D/A heterojunctions are simulated. On the D/A interface, the excited-state characteristics show obvious differences under different electric field intensities, providing microscopic details of the non-fullerene D/A interface at the atomic level. For different electric field conditions, so the ca
