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The strain softening behavior of a tension bar loaded by an increasing elongation is analyzed. The constitutive model consists of linear elasticity in combination with associated plasticity theory using a maximum tensile stress criterion as yield surface. The resulting mechanical stability criterion is augmented by considerations of the use of the second law of thermodynamics. These thermodynamica
A common approach to distributed control design is to impose sparsity constraints on the controller structure. Such constraints, however, may greatly complicate the control design procedure. This paper promotes an alternative structure, which is not sparse, yet might nevertheless be well suited for distributed control purposes. The structure appears as the optimal solution to a class of coordinati
The "3He crisis" has resulted in a major effort worldwide to develop replacement neutron-detector technologies. Such technologies are in their infancy and need to be thoroughly tested before becoming mainstream. Neutron sources for controlled irradiation include accelerators, nuclear reactors and radioactive sources. Neutrons produced in nuclear reactors and at accelerators have a very high cost p
Different societies regulate differently. Historically, social evolution has often been connected to technological innovations. The combustion engine took a central position in what later became known as the industrialized society, an urbanizing era of factories and production, on its hand following on the rural society tied to agriculture and trade. With each type of society comes a specific type
National report Sweden for the 19th International Congress of Comparative Law, Vienna 2014, Topic IV D., Administrative law
Monolithic neural networks may be trained from measured data to establish knowledge about the process. Unfortunately, this knowledge is not guaranteed to be found and – if at all – hard to extract. Modular neural networks are better suited for this purpose. Domain-ordered by topology, rule extraction is performed module by module. This has all the benefits of a divide-and-conquer method and opens
Molecules secreted by potential target cells may interfere with cationic lipid-mediated gene transfer. This has been studied using human lung fibroblasts and human epidermoid lung cancer cells. Secreted cell medium components caused a substantial decrease both in the uptake of cationic lipid-DNA complexes (2-4-fold) and in reporter gene expression (100-1000-fold). Metabolic labeling of the cell me
In a recently conducted interview study, some survivors of traffic victims rate their home as the most important place for remembrance, compared to both the accident site and the burial plot. The reason for this evaluation appears to be the place’s ability to bring about a positive presence of the deceased. Supported by photographs and personal objects, the home serves as a constant reminder, and
Popular Abstract in Swedish En vän till mig berättade hur hon hade köpt en färgglad t-shirt vid en resa till Indien. Första gången hon hade den på sig började det att ösregna och ett par minuter senare fanns det snopet nog mer färg i de kringliggande vattenpölarna än i tyget. Lyckligtvis har de flesta färger idag bättre kvalitet än så. De färger som används inom textilindustrin är utvecklade för aConsiderable amounts of water and chemicals are used in the textile industry, and the presence of dyes in the wastewater is a problem of environmental concern. Synthetic dyes are designed to resist light, water and chemicals to improve the quality of the textiles; however, these properties also contribute to their persistence in the environment. The existence of wastewater treatment plants in conn
