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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma are heterogeneous respiratory diseases with overlapping symptoms but distinct underlying biology. As both diseases involve dysregulated inflammatory signalling, identifying disease- and compartment-specific pathways and biomarkers could improve diagnosis and treatment. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17) is a key sheddase that inf

Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is classified as a Group 1 human carcinogen and increases the risk of lung cancer because it can generate reactive oxygen species, induce DNA damage, and trigger epigenetic alterations Occupational Cr(VI) exposure can occur during different work processes, but when this PhD study was initiated, the exposure level to Cr(VI) at Swedish workplaces and its health risk were

How is sustainable development translated in higher education institutions (HEIs)? This study examines how sustainable development has been translated within the ‘policy world’ of HEIs, focusing on one research-intensive university in Sweden. Sustainable development, widely introduced into legislation in 2003, required HEIs to develop policies addressing sustainability. At one faculty at the resea

Background The dura mater has a permeable vasculature similar to that of peripheral organs, and is separated from the brain, which is enclosed within the arachnoid barrier. Fluid and solute transport across the arachnoid barrier between the subarachnoid space (SAS) and dura is crucial for brain waste clearance and immune surveillance, but few neuroimaging approaches can capture this dynamic proces

Bedömning av ett barns talsvårigheter behöver baseras på flera uppgifter och testmetoder för att möjliggöra identifiering av den eller de talproduktionsnivåer som är inblandade. Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur ett benämningstest och ett dynamiskt motoriskt taltest bidrog till observationer av talbeteenden förenliga med brister i talmotorisk planering. Deltagarna var 28 barn mellan tre ochThe assessment of a child’s speech problem should incorporate several tasks and sampling methods to identify the difficulties appointing the speech production level/s involved. This study aimed to investigate how a dynamic motor speech test contributed to a naming test in observing speech characteristics consistent with deficits of speech motor planning. Participants were 28 children, 3 to 9 years

BackgroundIntravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) have been suggested as an adjunctive treatment in streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS), but there are no conclusive trials. In southern Sweden, IVIG is routinely used in certain hospitals but not in others. We hypothesized that this would resemble a natural experiment, and aimed to evaluate the effect of IVIG in STSS patients.MethodWe conducted a p

Carbon sequestration in arable soils is gaining increasing attention in global policymaking initiatives for climate-change mitigation. Large-scale assessments of soil organic carbon development in arable land are affected by the scarcity of reliable time series of soil organic carbon monitoring data and often fail to replicate observed trends or appreciate any effects induced by changes in soil ma

Vi möter dagligen larmrapporter om att den regelbaserade världsordning som etablerades efter andra världskriget håller på att bryta samman. För den som vill få en förklaring till varför detta händer och en hum om vart världen är på väg finns en färsk analys att tillgå i Eswar Prasads The Doom Loop, i svensk översättning ungefär ”domedagsspiralen”.

The study investigates how the Best Interests of the Child principle in the UN Children's Rights Convention (Article 3) has been adapted in custody disputes in Egypt, Sweden, and Uzbekistan. Although the Convention on the Rights of the Child offers a common normative benchmark, divergent legal cultures shape its domestic meaning: Egypt is governed by religious and state legal norms intersecting wi

Patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) experience long diagnostic delays, high functional class at diagnosis and poor prognosis. We aimed to study the differentiative and predictive value of 90 inflammatory and immunomodulatory related proteins in idiopathic and hereditary PAH (IPAH/HPAH) and systemic sclerosis-associated PAH (SSc-APAH). Cohort 1 comprised patients with SSc-APAH ( n =

Naturbetesmarker och slåtterängar är bland de mest artrika miljöerna i det svenska jordbrukslandskapet och har därför en avgörande betydelse för bevarandet av biologisk mångfald. För att uppfylla kraven i EU:s Naturrestaureringsförordning och de nationella miljökvalitetsmålen krävs att Sverige både bevarar befintliga gräsmarker med höga naturvärden och restaurerar betydande arealer så att de erhål

ObjectivesPeople with serious illness approaching end of life often end up in emergency and hospital care, frequently against expressed preferences. Consequently, oncology trials record care days as a measure of treatment burden called “time toxicity.” However, this measure ignores the diminishing marginal utility of time: that the value of a day is higher when fewer remain. We aimed to incorporat

Iran’s extraterritorial violence constitutes a structural element of state policy, implemented through a coordinated system of intelligence services, diplomatic platforms, proxy militias, and criminal intermediaries. Rooted in revolutionary doctrine and operationalized by institutions such as the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) and its external arm, the Quds Force, this apparatus has enab

This master’s thesis explores the impact from the fire investigations by the Swedish Accident Investigation Authority (SHK) on fire safety in Sweden. Through a mapping survey and a qualitative interview study, it is found that it is often difficult to identify clear connections between the investigations’ safety recommendations and real improvements to fire safety, due to long time spans and multi

Background: In a recently discovered microorganism, Halomonas boliviensis, polyhydroxybutyrate production was extensive and in contrast to other PHB producers, contained a set of alleles for the enzymes of this pathway. Also the monomer, (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB), possesses features that are interesting for commercial production, in particular the synthesis of fine chemicals with chiral specific

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), as bio-based plastics, promise a transition from petroleum products to green and sustainable alternatives. However, their commercial production is yet impeded by high production costs. In this study, we assessed synthetic culture in mono and co-culture modes for bacterial PHA production. It was demonstrated that volatile fatty acids (VFAs) derived from food waste and