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BACKGROUND: Loss of, or unwanted changes in employment reduces economic wellbeing and is associated with lower quality of life. People living with chronic breathlessness are less likely to participate in the workforce. The influence of breathlessness on change in employment status is unknown. This study investigates associations between self-reported breathlessness limiting exertion (hereafter bre
Breathlessness is a common symptom in clinical practice, yet evidence for cost-effective strategies to diagnose the underlying health conditions causing breathlessness remains limited. Using Swedish population data with individuals with moderate to severe breathlessness, we developed an artificial intelligence (AI) reinforcement learning model to identify optimal, low-cost diagnostic pathways for
Background: Breathlessness is common, anxiety-provoking, and challenging to clarify in primary care. When it persists beyond four weeks, it markedly impairs quality of life, functional capacity, and prognosis, and can trigger urgent consultations if underlying causes are not recognized and managed. Chronic breathlessness is frequently multifactorial, combining cardiopulmonary disease with obesity,
This study extends the communicative approach to populism - widely used in research on populist communication - to the analysis of extremist narratives, enabling a differentiated examination of populism and extremism as two related but distinct phenomena that are often conflated in academic and public discourse. We distinguish analytically between populist communication (people-centrism, anti-elit
PURPOSE – Patients with breast cancer in Ethiopia are generally diagnosed with late-stage disease, and there is a high proportion of young female and male patients. The role of genetic predisposition is yet unknown in this setting. To increase the knowledge about hereditary breast cancer in Ethiopia, this study investigated germline pathogenic variants (PVs) in breast cancer–predisposing genes in
Background Atrial septal defect (ASD) is one of the most common congenital heart defects and leads to chronic right ventricular (RV) volume loading, which may progress to heart failure if untreated. Surgical or transcatheter closure unloads the RV and improves hemodynamics, but the impact on intraventricular hemodynamic forces (HDF) remains unclear. Here, we evaluated the effects of ASD closure on
Urea is the world’s most widely used nitrogen fertilizer. Elevated urea use can induce detrimental eutrophication of shallow surface waters in agricultural regions, accelerating water quality deterioration globally in these regions.
This paper presents indoor temperatures measured during the summer season in about 40 Swedish houses spread across the country. The houses were built around 2010, which means that they have been subject to modern requirements for low energy use. In addition to indoor temperatures, ventilation air flows were measured, and the type of ventilation system was documented. The residents have answered a
Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)-fMRI offers a promising functional contrast, capable of mapping neuronal activity directly in both grey and white matter. However, previous studies have shown that diffusion-weighted fMRI (dfMRI), from which ADC-fMRI derives, is influenced by blood-oxygen level dependent (BOLD) effects, leading to a concern that the dfMRI contrast is still rooted in neurovascul
Wildlife-vehicle collisions (WVCs) pose significant risks to highway safety and wildlife populations, leading to considerable economic losses. However, efforts to systematically characterize and mitigate WVCs are often constrained by substantial under-reporting in official crash record databases. This study integrates police-reported crash data with carcass removal records from 7041 road segments
Tinnitus, the perception of sound without an external source, affects many individuals, yet its impact on the brain's functional connectome remains underexplored. Traditional functional connectivity (FC) methods, such as Pearson correlation, phase lag index, and coherence, rely on pairwise comparisons between activity of macro-scale brain regions, limiting holistic characterization. We used an app
Background Lower limb conditions (LLCs) are a major cause of pain, disability, and loss of livelihood globally, yet their prevalence and functional impacts in low- and middle-income countries, including Nepal, remain poorly described. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional, community-based survey in three Nepali districts representing plains, hills, and mountains. Of 2525 screened households, the
Over the past several centuries, the Baltic Proper harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) has undergone significant population declines, resulting in its current IUCN classification as critically endangered. While conservation efforts are extensive and multinational, the population's abundance has only been estimated once (SAMBAH Project, 2011–2013). Ad hoc historical sources and the sub-fossil arch
Methane is emitted from a range of anthropogenic and natural sources, and identifying these sources is important for emissions monitoring and mitigation. Different sources emit methane with different isotopic signatures. However, these signatures can vary spatially and temporally and are often not well understood. Top-down inverse methods can be used with measurements of methane mole fractions to
Epidemiological studies suggest an association between Parkinson’s disease (PD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), yet the molecular programs potentially linking these disorders remain poorly defined. Here, we integrated curated disease-gene resources with publicly available blood transcriptomic datasets to identify shared molecular features across PD and UC. We identified 320 shared signature genes and
The APOE locus is the strongest genetic factor for Alzheimer’s disease, with ε4 increasing and ε2 decreasing risk, yet the basis of these opposing effects remains unclear. Here we performed a multicohort proteomic analysis across plasma and cerebrospinal fluid in GNPC, BioFINDER-2, ADNI, UK BioBank, and PPMI. APOE-associated protein alterations are detectable before amyloid pathology and remain st
