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Wearer trials with human subjects were included in the Subzero project in order to validate the manikins' data against practice. Physiological tests of the project were aimed to study hu-man subjects at thermal comfort or being slightly warm in cold: 0, -10, -25 and wind-chill temperature –50 ºC. Wind-chill temperature –50 was achieved by combination of 2 tempera-tures and wind velocities: -40 ºC
We have studied drug release and skin permeation from several different liquid crystalline lipid formulations that may be used to control the respective release rates. We have studied the release and permeation through human skin of a water-soluble and amphiphilic drug, propranolol hydrochloride, from several formulations prepared with monoolein and phytantriol as permeation enhancers and controll
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a clinically heterogeneous disease with no known single predisposing genetic factor shown in all cases. Recently, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) T393C in the GNAS1 gene has been reported to have a clinical impact on CLL progression and overall survival. In order to further investigate the T393C SNP in CLL, we have genotyped 279 CLL cases and correlated
We investigate vascular changes during Photodynamic therapy (PDT) of skin tumors using optical Doppler tomography (ODT). The effect of vascular shut down on tumor destruction is currently not known, and to optimize treatment it is relevant to investigate this issue further. Optical Doppler tomography is capable of measuring blood flow in biological tissue down to 1-2 mm with sub-mm/s velocity sens
Dataskyddsförordningen, GDPR, ämnar att skydda personuppgifter genom att sätta den registrerades intressen är i fokus, samtidigt som lagen specifikt beaktar mikro-företag samt små och medelstora företags, SMEs, särskilda behov. Uppsatsen närmar sig denna problematik från ett perspektiv baserat på grundläggande rättigheter; problemformuleringen är hur mindre företags rättigheter och intressen kan bThe General Data Protection Regulation, GDPR, aims to provide protection of personal data which is centred on the data-subject, while at the same time categorically giving special consideration to the specific needs of micro, small and medium‑sized enterprises, SMEs. The paper approaches this conundrum from a fundamental rights angle, and tries to answer how the rights and interests of smaller bus
There is an urgent need to start generating energy within cities in order to pave the way for a more sustainable and resilient society. Renewable energy by means of active solar energy systems (solar thermal, ST and/or photovoltaics, PV) can be generated using roofs and facades of buildings. In this study, the annual solar energy potential of typical Swedish city blocks was analysed in order to de
Mineralkvävegödsel är en av förutsättningarna för de höga skördenivåer som uppnåtts i det industrialiserade, moderna jordbruket. I Sverige finns idag ingen inhemsk produktion av mineralkvävegödsel, utan hela efterfrågan tillgodoses med import från utlandet. Produktionen är idag baserad på fossila resurser, vilka används både som råvara för produktionen och som energi för att driva processerna. Vi Mineral nitrogen fertilizer is one of the main reasons for the high yields in modern, industrial agriculture. There is currently no production of mineral nitrogen fertilizer in Sweden – the entire demand is met by imports from abroad. Global production is at present based on fossil resources, which are used both as raw materials for the production and as energy to fuel the process. We are thus dep
Concerns over the earth’s ability to sustain itself over the long term as a consequence of human consumption of natural resources points towards sustainable development. Since a large proportion of human consumption is linked to buildings and construction, this means managing the construction process in more sustainable ways. Strategies that target greater material efficiency and which promote cir
IntroductionYoung migrants are increasingly recognised as being particularly vulnerable to sexual violence. This vulnerability is largely structural, due to the different laws and policies impacting their access to rights and services. Post-structural approaches to policy argue that policies are not responses to existing problems, but rather that social issues are constructed through policy. They
In upholstery applications, it is common to use polyurethane (PUR) foam when flexibility is desired. However, as PUR is a carbon-based material produced using toxic isocyanates, it is environmentally beneficial to replace PUR with bio-based alternatives. The challenge, however, lies in finding suitable bio-based replacement materials, capable of mimicking the foam-like functionality of PUR since m
Background In adults with serious respiratory illness, fatigue is prevalent and under-recognised, with few treatment options. The aim of this review was to assess the impact of graded exercise therapy (GET) on fatigue in adults with serious respiratory illness. Methods Electronic databases were searched to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) testing GET (involving incremental increases in
Rationale: Regular, low-dose, sustained-release morphine is frequently prescribed for persistent breathlessness in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, effects on daytime sleepiness, perceived sleep quality, and daytime function have not been rigorously investigated. Objectives: We sought to determine the effects of regular, low-dose, sustained-release morphine on sleep parameter
The effort to electrify society has in recent years resulted in major changes in the transportation sector. Charging time remains a challenge in several applications such as transportation and heavy machinery. A proposed solution that shortens the energy replenishment time and adds flexibility in loading the grid is to battery-swapping: exchanging the depleted battery for a fully charged one. In s
ObjectivesPeople with serious illness approaching end of life often end up in emergency and hospital care, frequently against expressed preferences. Consequently, oncology trials record care days as a measure of treatment burden called “time toxicity.” However, this measure ignores the diminishing marginal utility of time: that the value of a day is higher when fewer remain. We aimed to incorporat
Plastic’s unique properties are vital for a sustainable future, but its excessive global use signifies consumer society’s wastefulness, often found in short-lived products. Plastic development has overlooked recycling needs, resulting in low material recycling due to a wide array of plastic types with varying additives, leading to recycling challenges. Research focused on thermoplastics aims to re
In this paper, we will present some of our findings from a study conducted on legislative measures related to the online infringement of intellectual property rights commissioned by the European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) on legislative measures related to online intellectual property rights infringements. The present summarizes the mapping the existing legislative national measur
This paper estimates a "Grossman" model of demand for health. We measure health status on a 0 (dead) to 1 (full health) cardinal scale by the rating scale method and the time trade-off method. We also use a categorical measure of overall health status commonly used in quality of life measurements. To estimate the demand for health equations, the Tobit technique is used for the rating scale and tim
Intraosseous (IO) access is normally reserved for emergencies and critical care conditions when venous cannulation is not possible. Nonetheless, we present a case of IO insertion to a 56-year-old man, tetraplegic for many years due to progressive spinal muscular atrophy and with refractory suffering. The IO access was used for palliative sedation with propofol in a home care setting. The patient d
