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This chapter contains an outline of the Swedish social security system with a focus on sickness benefits in the social security and unemployment insurance. The Swedish legislator’s ambition has been to create parity between different forms of employment as well as between those who are self-employed and those who operate in different company structures. Legislative amendments in this area have mai
The most complete and realistic physiological data are derived from direct measurements during human experiments; however, they present some limitations such as ethical concerns, time and cost burden. Thermophysiological models are able to predict human thermal response in a wide range of environmental conditions, but their use is limited due to lack of validation. The aim of this work was to vali
Solid-phase extraction (SPE) is one the most common sample preparation techniques in many laboratories. Optimization of analyte specificity and recovery is crucial for high-sensitivity detection and analysis robustness/reproducibility. The optimization process usually starts with screening for a suitable extraction phase for a certain analyte (e.g. reversed-phase or HILIC) or if the extraction pha
Transfer of logistics knowledge to people can be carried out in a number of ways, in different directions and it can also take different forms from personal contacts in day-to-day work to longterm contracts between the parties. Cooperation is important in order to develop new knowledge. One of the innovations in the area is a "Virtual University" started by a consortium of universities in the Balt
A miniaturized on-column digestion system constructed for the sequential analysis of semi-purified protein analytes is presented. By utilizing fused silica capillary (diameter 150 mu m) packed with a zone of trypsin-modified Eupergit C beads and a second zone of reversed-phase C18 material, a linear column set-up was constructed. The protein analytes (pmol amounts) were first digested in the 600 n
BACKGROUND: Subclinical myocardial injury has been reported in newborns with fetal weights < 2 SDs for gestational age. Intrauterine growth restriction might affect cardiac function and coronary flow (CF). METHODS: Seventeen newborns with intrauterine growth restriction and 15 age-matched healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Blood flow in the umbilical artery and maternal uterine artery wa
We present palaeomagnetic inclinations from Late Cretaceous-Early Tertiary deep-water carbonates obtained during ODP Leg 192 drilling at the Ontong Java Plateau (OJP) for the following periods: magnetochrons C33n (73.6-79.1 Ma), C32 (71.1-73.6 Ma), C27r-C31n (61.3-68.7 Ma) and C25-C26 (55.9-60.9 Ma). Compaction-induced inclination shallowing is considered to be negligible for the OJP sediments exa
The native bee fauna provides an important ecosystem function, but a large proportion of this fauna in Europe is threatened as a result of habitat loss and fragmentation. The solitary bee Andrena hattorfiana is specialised on collecting pollen from the plant-family Dipsacaceae. In northern Europe the major pollen resource is the insect-pollinated herb Knautia arvensis. We quantified the available
INTRODUCTION AND MATERIALS AND METHODS: G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) play an important role in platelet aggregation. To identify new platelet GPCRs, a platelet gene expression profile was generated and validated using quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS: In total, mRNA of 28 GPCR genes was detected in human platelets. The 12 most abundant platelet GPCR transcripts were: thrombin receptor PA
Ten patients, who had been treated according to the Malmo model for immune tolerance induction (ITI), were analysed regarding treatment with clotting factors and chemotherapy during the time period between inhibitor detection and ITI. Of the patients who were successfully rendered tolerant (n=6) all but one had received treatment with FVIII, either alone (n=1), or combined with cyclophosphamide (n
The presence of a specialised dorsal rim area with an ability to detect the e-vector orientation of polarised light is shown for the first time in a nocturnal hymenopteran. The dorsal rim area of the halictid bee Megalopta genalis features a number of characteristic anatomical specialisations including an increased rhabdom diameter and a lack of primary screening pigments. Optically, these special
Popular science Using remote sensing to assess drought in Somalia Somalia, the country in East Africa in a region referred to as Horn of Africa is in a civil war, conflict and unrest since 1991. The prolonged conflict increases the impact of droughts in the country which is already prone to drought continuously. The country is frequently exposed to drought, occurring moderately every 3-4 years a
In the traditional model of international law, to which however reality has never exactly corresponded, situations of armed violence fall into clearly defined categories which in their turn appertained to a certain set of rules of international law applicable. For armed conflicts between sovereign states ('war'), international humanitarian law provides a full body of rules. On the other ha
Adaptive and flexible approaches based on implementing different measures as new information emerges have been proposed as a way of enabling robustness towards uncertain future climate change. However, the success of flexible approaches in practice depends on the stability of the relevant organizational landscapes. In this paper, we draw upon key insights from the institutional theories of organiz
Dense urban morphologies further amplify extreme climate events due to the urban heat island phenomenon, rendering cities more vulnerable to extreme climate events. Here we develop a modelling framework using multi-scale climate and energy system models to assess the compound impact of future climate variations and urban densification on renewable energy integration for 18 European cities. We obse
