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Migratory routes and remote wintering quarters in birds are often species and even population specific. It has been known for decades that songbirds mainly migrate solitarily, and that the migration direction is genetically controlled. Yet, the underlying genetic mechanisms remain unknown. To investigate the genetic basis of migration direction, we track genotyped willow warblers Phylloscopus troc
Cyperus fuscus was thought to be extinct in Sweden until it was rediscovered at Lake Vombsjön, Skåne, after 63 years in 2013. The species also occurred at the lake 2014—2021, but in very variable numbers. The variation depended largely on the water level during late summer. Favourable conditions in form of low levels in late summer have also occurred prior to 2013, though less frequently than in r
Mental illness in a hospital in a medium-sized town in Sweden was studied. Consecutive case records from 1896 to 1905, and also from 2011, were selected. In the historical sample, neurasthenia was the most common diagnosis, followed by affective disorders and alcohol abuse. ICD-10 diagnoses corresponded well with the historical diagnoses. Melancholia resembled modern criteria for depression. Mania
Statement of context: Occupational therapists and physiotherapists in a Swedish municipality answered a web-based survey about their reablement interventions. Critical reflection on practice: There were overlapping areas as well as differences regarding the focus of occupational and physiotherapy interventions. Regarding the duration of interventions, occupational therapy was implemented over a sh
Biorefining of lignocellulosic biomass into biofuels and chemicals can help replace fossil resources and decrease anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. This thesis is focused on the effects of mixing on the enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated biomass. Two different types of biomass were studied: softwood (Norway spruce and Scots pine), and the energy grass giant reed. Before enzymatic hydrolysis,
Shrunken pore syndrome (SPS) is defined by a cystatin C-based estimation of glomerular filtration rate (eGFRCYS) being less than 60% or 70% of a creatinine-based GFR estimation (eGFRCR) in the absence of extrarenal influences on cystatin C or creatinine concentrations. SPS has been associated with a substantial increase in mortality or morbidity in all investigated populations. However, in these s
In this article, we propose a new estimator of panel data models with interactive fixed effects and multiple structural breaks that is suitable when the number of time periods, T, is fixed and only the number of cross-sectional units, N, is large. This is done by viewing the determination of the breaks as a shrinkage problem, and to estimate both the regression coefficients, and the number of brea
Automatic tuning of PID controllers using relay feedback experiments has received attention on and off since it was first proposed and industrially implemented in a control system in the 1980s. While optimal experiment design and modern system identification easily outperform the original automatic tuner, they rely on computational resources that are not always available in industrial control syst
V/P(SPECT) has the potential to become a first hand tool for diagnosis of pulmonary embolism based on standardized technology and new holistic interpretation criteria. Pretest probability helps clinicians choose the most appropriate objective test for diagnosis or exclusion of PE. Interpretation should also take into account all ventilation and perfusion patterns allowing diagnosis of other cardio
Temperature is a fundamental thermodynamic parameter used to describe physical, chemical and biological processes. Much effort is made to measure temperature accurately in a wide variety of applications, making temperature one of the most extensively measured parameters. In combustion as in many other applications, temperature plays a substantial role in helping to maintain an efficient and clean
Laser spectroscopy of free atoms has been pursued for 25 years starting in the visible region and with a constant thrust towards shorter wavelengths. A review of generation schemes and atomic-physics experiments in the short-wavelength region is given. Processes in ions and inner shells occur on a very fast timescale setting special demands on the sources. Using picosecond laser technology efficie
För att kunna begränsa brandspridningen och bidra till brandskyddet delas en byggnad oftast in i brandceller. För att vid utrymning kunna ta sig till en säker plats kommer personerna som försöker ta sig ut troligtvis passera genom en öppning i brandcellsgräns. För att kunna bibehålla brandcellsgränsen trots användande av dörrar, fönster och andra öppningar finns det vissa krav på utformning av desIn most of the studies that are made for pedestrian flow through doors, reaserchers have just looked at the flow through oppenings without doors. This study aims to figure out how much impact the configuration of the door has on pedestrian flow. The configurations that have been examined are open doors, free swinging doors, doors that open inwards, doors that open outwards and the differences betw
The link between education and economic growth is thoroughly covered in the economic research literature. However, little emphasis has been put on the effect of female education particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa in This paper analyses the relationship between female educational attainment and economic growth for a panel of 28 Sub-Saharan countries in the time-period 1960 - 2010. Using a pooling e
Artificiella neuronnät är ett samlingsnamn för maskininlärningsmetoder som försöker efterlikna biologiska system i sin struktur. Ett neuronnät förbereds, med så kallad träning, för till exempel mönsterigenkänning, genom att man presenterar exempel på den typ av data man vill identifiera. Inom ett visst intervall uppdateras nätverkets inre struktur, med målet att utsignal anpassas till den signal sThe subject of deep learning has become increasingly popular, especially for machine learning applications where a large number of input variables have to be processed. However, there are instances of problem solving, where a full understanding of the variables is of high importance. When dealing with data sets containing a large number of input variables, the established methods of feature select
A monochromator is a part of a spectrometer in which the grating scans the different wavelengths over the exit slit. A full spectrum is generated as the grating scans over a predefined interval. The grating must accelerate to a set speed very fast, then keep the speed constant over a predefined interval, and break to reverse the scan. On top of this come disturbances from an optical filter, causin
