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Plate tectonics is a unique feature of Earth, but its proposed time of initiation is still controversial, with published estimates ranging from ca. 4.2 to 0.7 Ga. Paleomagnetic data can provide a robust argument for one essential aspect of plate tectonics: large-scale relative lateral motions of distinct, rigid crustal blocks. Previously, the oldest relative horizontal motion between two or more b

This study aimed to obtain high-resolution 3D isotropic turbo spin-echo (TSE) wrist MRI acquisitions at 7T, with and without fat suppression, facilitated by compressed-sensing (CS) acceleration. In 16 healthy subjects, fat-suppressed (FS) and nonfat-suppressed (NFS) TSE wrist images were obtained. The protocol consisted of a SENSE-accelerated scan, with an isotropic voxel size of 0.45 mm and acqui

This paper presents a simple and effective control solution to regulate temperature and humidity inside a greenhouse, which are the main climatic variables affecting crop growth and health. A multivariable control strategy with inverted decoupling is proposed in two schemes. The nighttime control scheme uses heating and dehumidification, and the daytime control scheme uses natural ventilation, deh

Field bio-remediation techniques (FBRT) can be a low cost method to avoid the removal of top layers of soil which are rich in organic matter and bio diversity. The use of native microorganisms in FBRT is preferable because non-indigenous species can transfer their genetic material to the environment with negative impacts on the local ecological equilibrium. Petroleum Produced Water (PPW) is an imp

Coarctation of the aorta is a congenital heart anomalyinvolving constriction of an aortic segment, associated with wall thickening of media and the formationof overlapping infolding of neointimal tissue. For thefirst time it was described by Morgagni in 1760. Thispathology represents 5% -7% of all congenital heartdiseases, with an incidence of approximately 3 casesto 10 000 neonates1. The typical

The healthy cornea is transparent, however, disease can affect its structure, rendering it more or less opaque. The ability to assess the clarity of the cornea objectively could thus be of considerable interest for keratoconus patients. It has previously been suggested that densitometry can be used to diagnose early keratoconus, and that the values of densitometry variables increase with increasin

Using electronic health records data and machine learning to guide future decisions needs to address challenges, including 1) long/short-term dependencies and 2) interactions between diseases and interventions. Bidirectional transformers have effectively addressed the first challenge. Here we tackled the latter challenge by masking one source (e.g., ICD10 codes) and training the transformer to pre

Matrix protein 2 ectodomain (M2e) is considered an attractive component of a broadly protective, universal influenza A vaccine. Here we challenge the canonical view that antibodies against M2e are the prime effectors of protection. Intranasal immunizations of Balb/c mice with CTA1-3M2e-DD-generated M2e-specific memory CD4 T cells that were I-A d restricted and critically protected against infectio

With growing interest in sustainable civil supersonic and hypersonic aviation, there is a need to model the combustion of alternative, sustainable jet fuels. This work presents numerical simulations of several related phenomena, including laminar flames, ignition, and spray flames. Two conventional jet fuels, Jet A and JP-5, and two alternative jet fuels, C1 and C5, are targeted. The laminar burni

Brazed stainless steel joints are critical in heat exchanger applications but often suffer from residual stresses and brittle intermetallics. Using in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction and fluorescence at the DanMAX beamline, we investigated Fe-based filler joints in SS316 under tensile loading. Elemental mapping and phase analysis revealed distinct interfacial solidification zones (ISZ), atherma

In liquid-liquid chromatography (LLC), components of a mixture are separated due to their different distribution between the phases of a biphasic liquid system composed of two or more solvents. In this work, for the first time, we combine a chromatography model with a liquid-liquid equilibria thermodynamic model to simulate the propagation of the solute and the solvents along the LLC column. The m

In this research, a straightforward and effective preconcentration technique was developed by integrating three-phase hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME) with high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with a photodiode array detector and mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD/MS) for the simultaneous extraction and quantification of trace levels of tamoxifen (Tam) and clomiphene (Clom)

This study investigates the surface transformations of nickel foam (NF) electrodes induced by Fe and Co cation incorporation from the electrolyte following activation in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), using both ex situ time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) and in situ near-ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (NAP-XPS). Electrochemical measurements demonstra