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In this study, physical properties of a small glacier in Kebnekaise Mountains, northern Sweden, are investigated in order to evaluate its erosionai capacity. By definition, glacial cirques are cut out by erosion by cirque glaciers. In areas characterized by low precipitation and pemafrost, small glaciers have very low erosional capacity. Is it possible that a small glacier can excavate a cirque fo
Stimulation around the superior cerebellar peduncle or within the deep cerebellar nuclei is known to inhibit the inferior olive with a very long latency. It has been suggested that this inhibition is mediated by the GABA-ergic nucleo-olivary pathway, but alternative explanations such as activation of an indirect excitatory pathway or a pathway via the red nucleus are possible. A long-latency inhib
The activity of saprotrophic fungi and bacteria, and the balance between them, can affect decomposition. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are also important for the nutrient and energy transfer in soil. Microbial community composition and activity are believed to have seasonal patterns, and are known to be highly influenced by environmental factors such as pH and nutrient conditions. To evaluate
In the years 1943, 1944 and 1946, the Icelandic author Halldór Laxness published the three parts of his novel Íslandsklukkan (called Iceland’s Bell in Philip Roughton’s recent, excellent translation). This is a historical novel, taking place around the turn of the seventeenth century. The way Icelandic history is depicted in the novel, and the way this was discussed in the reviews in Icelandic pap
BackgroundStandardised mortality ratio (SMR) is a common quality indicator in critical care and is the ratio between observed mortality and expected mortality. Typically, in-hospital mortality is used to derive SMR, but the use of a time-fixed, more objective, end-point has been advocated. This study aimed to determine the relationship between in-hospital mortality and 30-day mortality on a compre
Objectives: To test the utility of the World Health Organization (WHO) and International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society (ISN/RPS) criteria for lupus nephritis (LN) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and the American College of Rheumatology renal response criteria (ACR-RRC) for renal follow-up in an observational cohort. Method: All 52 biopsy-verified cases of LN during 19 years w
The present study is composed of a series of six independent yet related articles treating various aspects of international trade and economic growth. In Chapter two the effects of European Integration (EI) on long-run economic growth is studied. Contrary to earlier empirical results long-run effects of EI are identified. As a development Chapter three examines two potential channels linking EI to
The structure, luminescence spectroscopy, and lifetime decay dynamics of Eu2O3 nanoparticles formed in MCM-41 have been investigated. Both X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopic observations indicate that Eu2O3 nanoparticles of monoclinic structure are formed inside channels of MCM-41 by heating at 140 degreesC. However, heat treatment at 600 or 700 degreesC causes
The aim of this work was to study the leaching of hazardous substances in additives and admixtures that are commonly contained in concrete. Time-dependent leaching has been analyzed for three types of metal containing concretes: with ordinary Portland cement (OPC), fly ash, and slag. The concretes had uniform leaching patterns, clearly above detection limits. The prolonged diffusion test of 1,700
In the fall of year 2000 I went to Palestine to conduct a Minor Field Study. The subject of the study was to investigate the connection between Human Rights and Intellectual Property in this part of the world. By the end of September that year the new intifada broke out and I had to leave Palestine without finishing the study. It must be mentioned that the situation of today does not in any way re
In optoelectronic devices such as solar cells and photodetectors, a portion of electron-hole pairs is generated as so-called hot carriers with anexcess kinetic energy that is typically lost as heat. The long-standing aim to harvest this excess energy to enhance device performance hasproven to be very challenging, largely due to the extremely short-lived nature of hot carriers. Efforts thus focus o
PURPOSE: Despite impressive response rates following adoptive transfer of autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in patients with metastatic melanoma, improvement is needed to increase the efficacy and broaden the applicability of this treatment. We evaluated the use of vemurafenib, a small-molecule BRAF inhibitor with immunomodulatory properties, as priming before TIL harvest and adopti
Specific protocols define eligibility, conditioning, donor selection, graft composition and prophylaxis of graft vs. host disease for children and young adults undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). However, international protocols rarely, if ever, detail supportive care, including pharmaceutical infection prophylaxis, physical protection with face masks and cohort isolation or food
The forthcoming Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will probe the population of coalescing massive black hole (MBH) binaries up to the onset of structure formation. Here, we simulate the galactic-scale pairing of ∼106 M☉ MBHs in a typical, non-clumpy main-sequence galaxy embedded in a cosmological environment at z = 7-6. In order to increase our statistical sample, we adopt a strategy that
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is currently the standard of care for many malignant and nonmalignant blood diseases. As several treatment-emerging acute toxicities are expected, optimal supportive measurements critically affect HSCT outcomes. The paucity of good clinical studies in supportive practices gives rise to the establishment of heterogeneous guidelines across the different
Experimental observations and advanced computer simulations in High Energy Physics (HEP) paved the way for the recent discoveries at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. Currently, Monte Carlo simulations account for a very significant amount of computational resources of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid (WLCG). The current growth in available computing performance will not be enough to fulfil
BACKGROUND: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) for early breast cancer can make breast-conserving surgery more feasible and might be more likely to eradicate micrometastatic disease than might the same chemotherapy given after surgery. We investigated the long-term benefits and risks of NACT and the influence of tumour characteristics on outcome with a collaborative meta-analysis of individual patien
