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This thesis aims at describing the developmental patterns of text production in four text types: spoken and written narrative texts, and spoken and written expository texts (n=316), produced by four age groups: 10-year-olds, 13-year-olds, 17-year-olds and university students (n=79). It explores material from an experimental study with a cross-sectional design comprising spoken texts recorded on vi
The classical connectionist models are not well suited to working with data varying over time. According to this, temporal connectionist models have emerged and constitute a continuously growing research field. In this paper we present a novel supervised recurrent neural network architecture (SARASOM) based on the Associative Self-Organizing Map (A-SOM). The A-SOM is a variant of the Self-Organizi
This paper investigates the relationship between the capital share in national income and personal income inequality over the long run. Using a new historical cross-country database on capital shares in 19 countries and data from the World Wealth and Income Database, we find strong long-run links between the aggregate role of capital in the economy and the size distribution of income. Over time, t
Charge transport and recombination in nanostructured semiconductors are poorly understood key processes in dye-sensitized solar cells. We have employed time-resolved spectroscopies in the terahertz and visible spectral regions supplemented with Monte Carlo simulations to obtain unique information on these processes. Our results show that charge transport in the active solar cell material can be ve
BEAN is a newly proposed lightweight stream cipher adopting Fibonacci FCSRs. It is designed for very constrained environments and aims at providing a balance between security, efficiency and cost. A weakness in BEAN was first found by Ågren and Hell in 2011, resulting in a key recovery attack slightly better than brute force. In this paper, we present new correlations between state and keystream w
The formation of beryllium in the early Galaxy is discussed. It is shown that if spallation occurs predominantly in regions rich in heavy elements, i.e., close to supernovae, the linear relation recently obtained by Gilmore et al. (1992) between beryllium and oxygen abundances for Population II stars may be reproduced. Estimates of relevant timescales for mixing show that the decisive factor, the
In this paper the heat losses from a novel type of district heating culvert, termed Elgotherm, is investigated and compared to conventional culvert. The insulation material is made of expanded polystyrene and the culvert consists Of four cross-linked polyethylene pipes. The heat losses are calculated using both a time dependent and a stationary finite element model. Measured data from an existing
The runoff from and the water balance of a thin extensive green roof with sedum-moss have been studied. The soil cover is about 3 cm underlain by a thin drainage layer. The water balance is determined on a monthly basis. The runoff from the green roof is much reduced compared to runoff from hard roofs because of evapotranspiration. The annual runoff is rather close to that of natural river basins.
We have investigated the reversibility in the shear-induced multi-lamellar vesicle (MLV) size during stepwise cycling of the shear rate by employing common rheometry, polarized light microscopy and rheo-optic techniques. We thus address the question whether there is a true MLV steady state, irrespective of history. The system studied, was the nonionic surfactant triethylene glycol decyl ether (C10
This licentiate study has been completed as a part of a larger experimental program "Durability of Reinforced Concrete Structures in Marine Environment" carried out in Sweden and Denmark. The aim of this work has been to identify and critically evaluate some major parameters influencing the onset of active reinforcement corrosion in concrete in marine environment. Since the topic is naturally very
A promising technique for dating paleosols is reported based on radiocarbon (C-14) dating of asexual spores from vesicular-arbuscular mycorrizae (VAM). The soils are dispersed in water and some 6000-8000 spores separated by hand picking under a low power microscope. The dried spores are then dated by accelerator mass spectroscopy (AMS). A chronosequense of closely superimposed paleosols from an ar
Most reef-building corals live in partnership with so-called zooxanthellae in a mutually dependent way. Zooxanthellae are unicellular algae (dinoflagellates) inside the coral polyps, and by their photosynthesis they contribute to the sustenance of the coral. Corals already existed during the Cambrian period, more than 500 million years ago, bu these were very different from today's reef-building s
With computers embedded almost everywhere, in domestic, industrial, and medical appliances and devices, computing is becoming increasingly pervasive. Services in pervasive systems can be combined and coordinated through user-defined scripts called assemblies, a light-weight and understandable way for end users to adapt services to fit their specific needs. Previous languages for assembly scripts
Both Joseph Conrad's novella Heart of Darkness and Francis Ford Coppola's film Apocalypse Now are regarded as outstanding works in their respective field of art. Their reputation rests partly on their artistic value and partly on their preoccupation with topics which were highly relevant at the time of their publication/release. They are for the most part regarded as independent works of a
The context of structural monitoring of concrete dams as part of hydropower assets management is described. A tool that fits well into this context is the control of the uplift pressure of concrete dams. A monitoring technique suitable for this purpose was developed based on an automated water-level measurement technique using time-domain reflectometry and standard air-dielectric coaxial cable sen
Lifetimes of states in the triaxial strongly deformed bands of Lu-163 have been measured with the Gammasphere spectrometer using the Doppler-shift attenuation method. The bands have been interpreted as wobbling-phonon excitations from the characteristic electromagnetic properties of the transitions connecting the bands. Quadrupole moments are extracted for the zero-phonon yrast band and, for the f
