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Combination of right EGR rates with turbocharging has been identified as a promising way to increase the maximum load and efficiency of heavy duty spark-ignited natural gas engines. With stoichiometric conditions a three way catalyst can be used which means that regulated emissions can be kept at very low levels. However dilution limit is limited in these types of engines because of the lower burn
This paper explores whether Ethiopia's rapid economic growth is transformative enough for the country to eventually catch up with high-income countries. It does so by exploring the change and continuity of four elements of social capability from 1950 to 2020: structural transformation, economic inclusion and the state's autonomy and accountability. It finds that Ethiopia's social capability modest
In this essay the question of why the European civilisation was the first to rise and expand will be analysed. As there is more than one answer to this question two of the explanations: the Eurocentric and the anti-Eurocentric have been chosen for a comparison and analysis. The Eurocentric explanations see the expansion of Europe as caused by its inner qualities such as: environment, state-system,
The signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus is an invasive species in Sweden, threatening the red-listed nobel crayfish Astacus astacus through spreading the crayfish plague. Time-to-event models can handle censored data on such introduced populations for which the state (successful or not) is only partially known at the last observation, but even though data on introduced populations most often
Annabell Merkel, doctoral student "I´m researching the consumer perspective on new food resources and people’s ideas and notions about algae and seaweed." “Being a PhD student can be quite a challenge sometimes, but at ISM we have a great international PhD student community that supports each other! I really like to exchange with my peers from the department. Many senior colleagues are also really
Increasing soft error rates in recent semiconductor technologies enforce the usage of fault tolerance. While fault tolerance enables correct operation in the presence of soft errors, it usually introduces a time overhead. The time overhead is particularly important for a group of computer systems referred to as real-time systems (RTSs) where correct operation is defined as producing the correct re
This paper draws on two ethnographic research projects in Japanese university sports clubs to examine the role alcohol plays in the social and cultural education of students. Over the course of a four-year membership, the university sports club is a site where members learn to negotiate drinking. This negotiation is demonstrated by the range of strategies members employ when engaging in one of the
The work presented in this thesis is dedicated to theoretical development, experimental testing and application of polarization transfer solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (PT ssNMR). PT ssNMR is an analytical tool which provides detailed information about molecular mobility in model or simple soft matter systems at the low water content regime, enabling the creation of phase diagrams. Soft ma
Competitive development of complex embedded systems such as mobile phones requires management of massive amounts of complex requirements. This paper defines and discusses orders of magnitudes in RE and implications of the highest order of magnitude that we have experienced in industrial settings. Based on experiences from the mobile phone domain we propose research areas that, if ad-dressed succes
In this thesis we focus on improvements of the description of the electron-electron correlation effects in nonequilibrium nanosystems. We mainly focus on developments of two nonequilibrium methods, namely the formalism of Nonequilibrium Green’s Function and Time Dependent Density Functional Theory and we explore the possibility to improve existing approximations in these theories. A smaller part o
Exome sequencing studies in complex diseases are challenged by the allelic heterogeneity, large number and modest effect sizes of associated variants on disease risk and the presence of large numbers of neutral variants, even in phenotypically relevant genes. Isolated populations with recent bottlenecks offer advantages for studying rare variants in complex diseases as they have deleterious varian
