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The area of Internet of Things (IoT) is growing and it affects a large amount of users, which means that security is important. Many parts of IoT systems are built with Open Source Software, for which security vulnerabilities are available. It is important to update the software when vulnerabilities are detected, but it is unclear to what extent this is done in industry today. This study presents
Sex differences in parasite load and immune responses are found across a wide range of animals, with females generally having lower parasite loads and stronger immune responses than males. Intrigued by these general patterns, we investigated if there was any sign of sex-specific selection on an essential component of adaptive immunity that is known to affect fitness, the major histocompatibility c
In this paper we consider a mobile platform with two cameras directed towards the floor mounted the same distance from the ground, assuming planar motion and constant internal parameters. Earlier work related to this specific problem geometry has been carried out for monocular systems, and the main contribution of this paper is the generalization to a binocular system and the recovery of the relat
Objective: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a major cause of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Murine models indicate key roles for chemokines CCL19 and CCL21 and their receptor CCR7 in lung inflammation leading to PAH. The objective of this study was to assess the chemokine CCL19–CCL21 axis in patients with SSc-related PAH. Methods: Serum samples obtained from 2 independent prospective SSc cohort
Kernel based learning algorithms are sensitive to the choice of appropriate kernel function and parameter setting. Classification accuracies yielded by the kernel based classifiers may show variation depending on the choice of the kernel and its associated parameters. Suggesting an efficient kernel function and effective setting of kernel parameters are thus important problems for kernel based cla
Pixel classification of mixed pixels in overlapping regions of remote sensing images is a very challenging task. Efficiency and detection of uncertainty are always the key ingredients for this task. This paper proposes an approach for pixel classification using Shannon's entropy-based fuzzy distance norm. Unsupervised clustering is used to group the objects based on some similarity or dissimilarit
Wildfires are increasingly affecting forest landscapes around the world. In the Bolivian Chiquitania, southern Amazonia, large wildfires during recent droughts have intensified public debate around more systemic solutions to address the possible root causes. While the integration of different forms of fire knowledge is gaining acceptance as an approach to dealing with increasing wildfire risk, lit
This study re-examines standard econometric approaches for detecting adverse and advantageous selection in insurance contracts based on variables that are not used for calculating the insurance premium. We formally demonstrate that existing strategies for detecting selection based on such ‘unused characteristics’ can lead to incorrect conclusions if the estimated coefficients of interest are drive
Background: Oxygen is liberally administered in intensive care units (ICUs). Nevertheless, ICU doctors’ preferences for supplementing oxygen are inadequately described. The aim was to identify ICU doctors’ preferences for arterial oxygenation levels in mechanically ventilated adult ICU patients. Methods: In April to August 2016, an online multiple-choice 17-part-questionnaire was distributed to 10
The detection of intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) in Galactic globular clusters (GCs) has so far been controversial. In order to characterize the effectiveness of integrated-light spectroscopy through integral field units, we analyse realistic mock data generated from state-of-the-art Monte Carlo simulations of GCs with a central IMBH, considering different setups and conditions varying IMBH
Strongly selected characters can be transferred from one lineage to another with limited genetic exchange, resulting in asymmetric introgression and a mosaic genome in the receiving population. However, systems are rarely sufficiently well studied to link the pattern of introgression to its underlying process. Male common wall lizards in western Italy exhibit exaggeration of a suite of sexually se
High voltage long pulse klystron modulators typically use pulse transformers, where the length of the pulse dictates the size of the transformer. Recent advancements in power electronics applied to modulator technology, in order to facilitate multi-millisecond long pulse generation, instead suggests use of high frequency transformers in a high frequency pulse modulation/demodulation scheme, elimin
Computerised tomography and magnetic resonance tomography were performed in nine faecally incontinent patients more than eight years after rectoplasty for high imperforate anus. No statistically significant correlation was found between function, i. e. degree of faecal incontinence, and anatomical findings. Thus, in spite of a detailed demonstration of the post-operative anatomy, the information d
Bacteria utilize complement regulators as a means of evading the host immune response. Here, we describe protocols for evaluating the role vitronectin acquisition at the bacterial cell surface plays in resistance to the host immune system. Flow cytometry experiments identified human plasma vitronectin as a ligand for the bacterial receptor outer membrane protein H of Haemophilus influenzae type f.
Partially premixed combustion (PPC) in internal combustion engine as a low temperature combustion strategy has shown great potential to achieve high thermodynamic efficiency. Methanol due to its unique properties is considered as a preferable PPC engine fuel. The injection timing to achieve methanol PPC conditions should be set very close to TDC, allowing to utilize spray-bowl interaction to furth
Purpose: This paper aims to explore how the ownership transfer from a highly industrialised country to less industrialised countries influences consumers’ brand perceptions. Design/methodology/approach: Three acquisition cases of premium car brands (Jaguar, Land Rover and Volvo) are investigated using qualitative data from online brand communities. Findings: When country of ownership (COOW) for br
Many studies suggest that increased exposure to urban greenness is associated with better population health. Accessing nature can in some circumstances, however, be difficult, especially for individuals with mobility constraints. Therefore, a growing body of work is investigating the ways to replace the in vivo experience with forms of “virtual” contact, in order to provide these individuals with
This paper presents the case study of a newly constructed 1600 m2 kindergarten building in Oslo, Norway. The building has been designed within the framework of the Norwegian Research Council Project LowEx, which aims at engineering solutions to achieve a seasonal coefficient of performance (SCOP) of 6–10 for heating, a seasonal energy efficiency ratio (SEER) of 80–100 for cooling, and an 80% reduc
