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BACKGROUND: In Bangladesh, diarrhoea in children under-five is a major public health problem with cost implications. Although under-five diarrhoea mortality and morbidity have declined from 2007 to 2018, change in the economic burden is unknown. This study determined the change in the societal economic burden of under-five diarrhoea in Bangladesh comparing 2007 to 2018.METHODS: A prevalence-based,
Purpose: Caveolin-1 (CAV1) has been implicated in breast cancer oncogenesis and metastasis and may be a potential prognosticator, especially for non-distant events. CAV1 functions as a master regulator of membrane transport and cell signaling. Several CAV1 SNPs have been linked to multiple cancers, but the prognostic impact of CAV1 SNPs in breast cancer remains unclear. Here, we investigated CAV1
Background: Optimizing rectal suction biopsy (RSB) diagnostics in Hirschsprung’s disease (HD) may shorten diagnostic time and prevent need for repeated biopsies. Aim: To explore whether systematic orientation of fresh RSB specimens increased biopsy quality, diagnostic times, diagnostic efficacy, and histopathologic workload, and to explore these outcome measures for aganglionic specimens. Material
Introduction: Proton radiation therapy (PT) has become a treatment option alongside photon therapy (XRT) for lower-grade gliomas (LGG). In this single-institution retrospective study, we investigate the patient characteristics and treatment outcomes, including pseudo-progression (PsP), for LGG patients selected for PT. Method: Adult patients with grade 2–3 glioma consecutively treated with radioth
An association between high Galectin-4 (Gal-4) and prevalence of diabetes in subjects with heart failure (HF) has previously been reported. The purpose of this study was to confirm these findings, as well as to further investigate this association, in a Swedish HF population. In addition, a second aim was to explore Gal-4’s association with obesity and biomarkers of metabolism and heart failure. G
OBJECTIVE: To investigate potential risk factors behind the increased incidence of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) in Swedish extremely preterm infants.DESIGN: Registry data from two population-based national cohorts were studied. NEC diagnoses (Bell stage ≥II) were validated against hospital records.PATIENTS: All liveborn infants <27 weeks of gestation 2004-2007 (n=704) and 2014-2016 (n=895) in S
Large amounts of germline sequencing data have recently become available and we sought to compare these results with population-based family history data. Family studies are able to describe aggregation of any defined cancers in families. The Swedish Family-Cancer Database is the largest of its kind in the world, covering the Swedish families through nearly a century with all cancers in family mem
Background: Synaptic dysfunction and degeneration are central contributors to the pathogenesis and progression of parkinsonian disorders. Therefore, identification and validation of biomarkers reflecting pathological synaptic alterations are greatly needed and could be used in prognostic assessment and to monitor treatment effects. Objective: To explore candidate biomarkers of synaptic dysfunction
Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling behandlar design, tillverkning, karakterisering och optimering av elektroniska komponenter alla baserade på kvantmekanisk tunnling. Tunnling är ett rent kvantmekaniskt fenomen utan någon klassisk motsvarighet, som först blir relevant då dimensionerna krymper ner i nanometerskala (en nanometer är en miljarddel's meter). Då kan elektroner ”tunnla” igenomThis thesis concerns different kinds of tunneling based devices all showing negative differential resistance. The thesis is divided in three parts, resonant tunneling transistors, Esaki diodes and coupled zero dimensional systems. The resonant tunneling transistors are GaAs-based vertical field effects transistors, based on a combination of overgrown tungsten gates and double barrier heterostruct
Purpose: To assess and correlate the levels of inflammatory mediators in the eyes from non-diabetic and diabetic subjects without retinopathy (NDR), with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) or with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) to corresponding erum levels. Methods: The levels of interleukin 1β, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were analysed by an EL
Background: Environmental and genetic factors predispose an individual to the development of Graves' disease (GD). In an expression study of intraorbital tissue, adipocyte-related immediate early genes (IEGs) and immunomodulatory genes were found to be overexpressed in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO). We hypothesized that genetic variations in these genes could be associated with GD and/
Background: The objective was to investigate in a group of obese subjects the course in skeletal muscle phospholipid (SMPL) fatty acids (FA) during a 24-weeks weight maintenance program, which was preceded by a successful very low calorie dietary intervention (VLCD). Special focus was addressed to SMPL omega-3 FA, which is a lipid entity that influences insulin action. Methods: Nine obese subjects
We report on the multi-wavelength observations of PKS 1510-089 (a flat spectrum radio quasar (FSRQ) at z = 0.361) during its high activity period between 2008 September and 2009 June. During this 11 month period, the source was characterized by a complex variability at optical, UV, and gamma-ray bands, on timescales down to 6-12 hr. The brightest gamma-ray isotropic luminosity, recorded on 2009 Ma
Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most common congenital cardiac abnormality, occurring in 1% to 2% of the general population. Adults with degenerative aortic valve (AV) disease have been shown to have an elliptical shaped AV annulus. The goal of this study was to investigate the shape of the aortic annulus in children with BAV, coarctation of the aorta (CoA) with or without BAV, and normal contr
Background: Both lifestyle and genetic predisposition determine the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D), and studies have indicated interactions between specific dietary components and individual genetic variants. However, it is unclear whether the importance of overall dietary habits, including T2D-related food intakes, differs depending on genetic predisposition to T2D. We examined interaction
Aims Optimal antithrombotic therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) and atrial fibrillation is uncertain. In this study, we compared antithrombotic regimes with regard to a composite cardiovascular outcome of all-cause mortality, MI or ischaemic stroke, and major bleeds. Methods and results Patients between October 2005 and December 2012 w
Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate if associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) could increase resection rates (RRs) compared with two-stage hepatectomy (TSH) in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Background: Radical liver metastasis resection offers the only chance of a cure for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Patients with colo
Background Chronic inflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of the 2 major types of gastric cancer. Several foods, nutrients, and nonnutrient food components seem to be involved in the regulation of chronic inflammation. Objective We assessed the association between the inflammatory potential of the diet and the risk of gastric carcinoma, overall and for the 2 major subsites: cardia
