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A major difficulty in assessing road traffic safety is the scarcity of historical accident data. xxThis is a common problem in contexts where a certain level of safety has been reached or where exposure is low, such as mixed traffic conditions with different levels of transport automation. Recent studies have demonstrated how severe interactions between road users and/or road users and infrastruct
As a key part of its alignment with EU directives on public procurement, Sweden is actively integrating sustainability and circular economy practices into its construction sector. Circular principles in public procurement empower public authorities to stimulate sustainable practices across the sector, aligning with broader environmental and economic objectives. However, examples of implementing ci
This paper introduces a new lifting method for analyzing convergence of continuous-time distributed synchronization/consensus systems on the unit sphere. Points on the d-dimensional unit sphere are lifted to the (d+1)-dimensional Euclidean space. The consensus protocol on the unit sphere is the classical one, where agents move toward weighted averages of their neighbors in their respective tangent
In this paper, for any homogeneous system of agents with linear continuous time dynamics, we formulate an optimal control problem. In this problem a convex cost functional of the control signals of the agents shall be minimized, while the outputs of the agents shall coincide at some given finite time. This is an instance of the rendezvous or finite time consensus problem. We solve this problem wit
This is the second article in the psychological elements of palliative care (PEPC) series. This series focuses on how key concepts from psychotherapy can be used in the context of palliative care to improve communication and fine tune palliative care interventions. In this article, we introduce two foundational concepts: frame and formulation. The frame is the context in which care is delivered; i
Ex-situ Raman spectroscopy is a well-established method for the structural characterization of soot but necessitates a sampling step before analysis is made. This work studied the potential to perform Raman spectroscopic measurements of soot directly in the combustion exhaust gases, i.e., online Raman measurements. Two types of soot were produced from a Mini-CAST soot generator, one immature with
Digital twins have been gaining an immense interest in various fields over the last decade. Bringing conventional process simulation models into (near) real time are thought to provide valuable insights for operators, decision makers, and stakeholders in many industries. The objective of this paper is to describe two methods for implementing digital twins at water resource recovery facilities and
Energy-efficient building designs, notably through adding insulation, can reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions by over 40 %, but may also increase risk of condensation. Therefore, a comprehensive decision analysis approach is essential for selecting optimal building envelope assemblies while considering their hygrothermal, economic, and environmental implications. This study intr
Cellular-based localization and sensing pave the way for a variety ofapplications across various domains, ranging from autonomous driv-ing to emergency care and intelligent traffic management. Althoughtraditional methods have been effective, they still face challenges such as therequirement for highly accurate models and the inherent complexity of thealgorithms. This thesis explores the potential
Preconcentration of methane (CH4) from air is a critical sampling step in the measurement of singly and doubly substituted isotopologue ratios. We demonstrate the potential for isotope fractionation during preconcentration onto and elution from the common trapping material HayeSep-D and investigate its significance in laser spectroscopy measurements. By altering the trapping temperature for adsorp
Achieving net-zero climate targets requires some level of carbon dioxide removal. Current assessments focus on tonnes of CO2 removed, without specifying what form these removals will take. Here, we show that countries’ climate pledges require approximately 1 (0.9–1.1) billion ha of land for removals. For over 40% of this area, the pledges envisage the conversion of existing land uses to forests, w
High-order harmonic generation (HHG) supplies extreme ultraviolet (XUV) radiation with attosecond pulse duration for a wide variety of applications from fundamental research to industry. As HHG is a very inefficient process, enhancing the XUV flux is of great interest. Hereby, either the HHG process itself or the laser which is the primary driver of HHG can be optimized.Currently, the technology i
Background: Involving librarians as team members can lead to better quality in reviews. To improve their search results, an international diabetes project involved two medical librarians in a large-scale project planning of a series of systematic reviews for clinical guidelines in diabetes precision medicine. Case Presentation: The precision diabetes project was divided into teams. Four diabetes m
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been widely used in both military and civilian applications, where a stable communication link is vital for safe flight control and robust data transmission. To develop a reliable UAV communication system, it is necessary to deeply understand the UAV channel characteristics and establish accurate channel models. Channel sounding is the most effective way to obt
Electrons from a laser wakefield accelerator have a limited energy gain due to dephasing and are prone to emittance growth, causing a large divergence. In this paper, we experimentally show that adjusting the plasma density profile can address both issues. Shock-assisted ionisation injection is used to produce 100 MeV quasi-monoenergetic electron bunches in the primary part of the accelerator. Dow
