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Sociodemographic factors and lifestyle habits affect body weight and body composition. A new syndrome, called normal-weight obesity (NWO), is found in individuals with normal weight and excess body fat in contrast to lean and overweight individuals. The aim of the present study was to explore the associations between sociodemographic factors and smoking and alcohol habits and lower versus higher B

We present an in-depth analysis of the surface band alignment and local potential distribution of InP nanowires containing a p-n junction using scanning probe and photoelectron microscopy techniques. The depletion region is localized to a 15 nm thin surface region by scanning tunneling spectroscopy and an electronic shift of up to 0.5 eV between the n- A nd p-doped nanowire segments was observed a

Objectives: Using a reversible multistate model, we prospectively examined neuropsychiatric (NP) events for attribution, outcome and association with health-related quality of life (HRQoL), in an international, inception cohort of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Methods: Annual assessments for 19 NP events attributed to SLE and non-SLE causes, physician determination of outcome and pa

Background: Frailty captures the age-related declines in health leading to increased vulnerability, including falls which are commonplace in older women. The relationship between frailty and falls is complex, with one leading to the other in a vicious cycle. Aims: This study addresses the gap in understanding how patterns of frailty and falls propensity interact, particularly in those who have not

Background: Smoking is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and causes exposure to cadmium, which is a pro-atherosclerotic metal. Cadmium exposure has also been shown to increase the risk of CVD, even after adjustment for smoking. Our hypothesis was that part of the risk of CVD in smokers may be mediated by cadmium exposure from tobacco smoke. We examined this hypothesis in a medi

Background: Media frequently report on overall work-place challenges in Swedish schools, including teachers’ working conditions, their well-being, and students’ declining results. Language is the key to success in every school subject. Therefore, optimal language learning environments are important. Poor sound environments affect teachers’ vocal health, their general well-being, and students’ perf

Novel therapies such as type 2 targeting biologics are emerging treatment options for patients with chronic inflammatory respiratory diseases, fulfilling the needs of severely uncontrolled patients. The majority of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and over half of patients with asthma show a type 2 inflammatory signature in sinonasal mucosa and/or lungs. Importantly,

BACKGROUND: The heritability of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is only partially explained by variants in 17 previously VTE-associated genes.OBJECTIVE: This article screens for additional rare variants in the 17 genes and investigates the relative contributions of pro- and anticoagulant genes to VTE.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Ninety-six VTE patients from the population-based Malmö Thrombophilia Study wer

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a common autoimmune disease. Recent findings have shown that a major single nucleotide variant predisposing to SLE is associated with low production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). A variant amino acid in a frequent NCF1 allele causing deficient ROS production leads to an exaggerated type I interferon (IFN) response, earlier disease onset, and higher suscept

We demonstrate x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (XAFS) detected by x-ray beam induced current (XBIC) in single n + -i-n + doped nanowire devices. Spatial scans with the 65 nm diameter beam show a peak of the XBIC signal in the middle segment of the nanowire. The XBIC and the x-ray fluorescence signals were detected simultaneously as a function of the excitation energy near the Ga K abs

The properties of semiconductors can be controlled using doping, making it essential for electronic and optoelectronic devices. However, with shrinking device sizes it becomes increasingly difficult to quantify doping with sufficient sensitivity and spatial resolution. Here, we demonstrate how X-ray fluorescence mapping with a nanofocused beam, nano-XRF, can quantify Zn doping within in situ doped

A stagnation flow reactor has been designed and characterized for both experimental and modeling studies of single-crystal model catalysts in heterogeneous catalysis. Using CO oxidation over a Pd(100) single crystal as a showcase, we have employed planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) to visualize the CO2 distribution over the catalyst under reaction conditions and subsequently used the 2D spat

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine whether the self-reported use of analgesics is associated with being a victim of bullying. Methods: This cross-sectional, school-based survey included all students in grades 6 (11 years old), 8 (13 years old) and 10 (15 years old) in Iceland (response rate: 84%; n = 11 018). The students filled out an anonymous standardised questionnaire: the Icelandic Con

Background: Diabetes during pregnancy is an increasingly common metabolic disorder, associated with significantly increased risks for both mother and child. Aim of this study was to compare maternal and perinatal outcomes in women with pregestational (PDM) type 1 (T1DM), type 2 diabetes (T2DM), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and compare these to pregnancies not complicated with diabetes. This

Aim: Seeing a speaker’s face facilitates speech recognition, particularly under noisy conditions. Evidence for how it might affect comprehension of the content of the speech is more sparse. We investigated how children’s listening comprehension is affected by multi-talker babble noise, with or without presentation of a digitally animated virtual speaker, and whether successful comprehension is rel

Communicating in the Face of Global Crises explores the complex ways organizations and their strategic practices are communicatively constituted in relation to the ethical expectations of global publics.Positioning organizational strategies as communicative accomplishments, an international team of authors redirect attention to the important role of communication in constituting responses to globa

BACKGROUND: Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) is an indicator of vascular aging and has proven to be effective in adult cardiovascular risk assessment. To use it in young people to identify those who may be at increased cardiovascular disease risk, reference values need to be determined. The Youth Vascular Consortium is a large, international database which was established to investigate vascular a

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether suicidality was documented prior to suicide in patients in contact with specialised somatic healthcare providers for physical conditions and to identify factors related to such documentation.DESIGN AND SETTINGS: Retrospective cohort study in which medical records from specialised somatic (non-psychiatric) healthcare services (internal medicine, infectious disease, s

Multimorbidity, i.e., the presence of two or more long-term health conditions, is challenging for healthcare systems worldwide. A related term is comorbidity. This denotes any condition that has existed or may occur during the clinical course of a patient who has the index disease under study. Moreover, frailty is also inter-related with multimorbidity but represents a distinct clinical concept. F