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Developing organisms typically mature earlier and at larger sizes in favorable growth conditions, while in rarer cases, maturity is delayed. The rarer reaction norm is easily accommodated by general life history models, whereas the common pattern is not. Theory suggests that a solution to this paradox lies in the existence of critical size thresholds at which maturation or metamorphosis can commen
Physical layer security has recently attracted considerable attention in the context of information-theoretic point of view. In this paper, we investigate relay selection schemes for security-constrained half-duplex cooperative wireless networks with multiple eavesdroppers, which have the ability to cooperate to overhear the source transmission. The proposed techniques select a trusted decode-and-
This paper presents a fully integrated 60 GHz frontend for phased array receivers. For the first time in the literature a phase controlled phased locked loop (PC-PLL) is used for beamforming at 60 GHz. The front-end performs a two stage frequency down-conversion, first from 60 GHz to 20 GHz, then from 20 GHz to quadrature baseband. Both the local oscillator signals at 20 GHz and 40 GHz are generat
Mechano-regulation during tendon healing, i.e. the relationship between mechanical stimuli and cellular response, has received more attention recently. However, the basic mechanobiological mechanisms governing tendon healing after a rupture are still not well-understood. Literature has reported spatial and temporal variations in the healing of ruptured tendon tissue. In this study, we explored a c
In Latin-America -as in most parts of the world- indigenous peoples are ‘the poorest of the poor, and the most excluded of the excluded’. Poverty goes hand in hand with their situation of vulnerability, exclusion and disempowerment. How can this situation be changed? How to find adequate frameworks able to facilitate the overturn of their structural disenfranchisement? Departing from the jurisprud
Objectives: This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows:. To determine the effects of higher versus standard doses of caffeine on mortality and major neurodevelopmental disability in preterm infants with (or at risk of) apnea, and preterm infants peri-extubation. To determine the effects of early versus late discontinuation of caffeine administration on m
Background: The 2017 Alzheimer’s disease (AD) Strategic Biomarker Roadmap (SBR) structured the validation of AD diagnostic biomarkers into 5 phases, systematically assessing analytical validity (Phases 1–2), clinical validity (Phases 3–4), and clinical utility (Phase 5) through primary and secondary Aims. This framework allows to map knowledge gaps and research priorities, accelerating the route t
Background: To reduce local recurrence risk, rectal washout (RW) is integrated in the total mesorectal excision (TME) technique when performing anterior resection (AR) for rectal cancer. Although RW is considered a safe practice, data on the complication risk are scarce. Our aim was to examine the association between RW and 30-day postoperative complications after AR for rectal cancer. Methods: Pa
Pepsin-like aspartic proteases (PAPs) are a class of aspartic proteases which shares tremendous structural similarity with human pepsin. One of the key structural features of PAPs is the presence of a β-hairpin motif otherwise known as flap. The biological function of the PAPs is highly dependent on the conformational dynamics of the flap region. In apo PAPs, the conformational dynamics of the fla
One can falsely assume that it is well known that bacteremia is associated with higher mortality in sepsis. Only a handful of studies specifically focus on the comparison of culture-negative and culture-positive sepsis with different conclusions depending on study design. The aim of this study was to describe outcome for critically ill patients with either culture-positive or -negative sepsis in a
We analyze the problem of allocating indivisible objects and monetary compensations to a set of agents. In particular, we consider envy-free and budget-balanced rules that are least manipulable with respect to agents counting or with respect to utility gains. A key observation is that, for any profile of quasi-linear preferences, the outcome of any such least manipulable envy-free rule can be obta
Städer, och framför allt stadsdelar, är nyckelplatser för att tillhandahålla en uppbyggd miljö med direkta kopplingar till sociala och miljömässiga frågor. De ses i allt högre grad som platser för strategiska åtgärder i en omställning till hållbarhet och resiliens, med stora möjligheter till grundläggande samhällsförändringar. Inramningen (så kallad framing) på stadsdelsnivå av problem och lösning
Background: Occupational therapists are an essential healthcare profession and play a vital role in rehabilitating patients in the activities of daily life. Nevertheless, many occupational therapists in Sweden are leaving the profession and this jeopardises occupational therapy services. Objective: To explore factors that cause occupational therapists to seriously consider leaving their profession
Existing criteria for inclusion in the European baseline series are summarized. Additional criteria are developed to aid decision making where the current criteria do not yield an unequivocal result. These include a consideration of whether an allergen (hapten) is better placed in a special series and the frequency with which an allergen cross-reacts with existing markers in the baseline series.
Industrial cyber-physical system products interleave hardware, software, and communication components. System complexity is increasing simultaneously with increased demands on quality and shortened time-to-market. To effectively support the development of such systems, we present languages and tools for comprehensive integrated model-based development that cover major phases such as requirement an
Ghost quantitative trait loci (QTL) are the false discoveries in QTL mapping, that arise due to the "accumulation" of the polygenic effects, uniformly distributed over the genome. The locations on the chromosome that are strongly correlated with the total of the polygenic effects depend on a specific sample correlation structure determined by the genotypes at all loci. The problem is particularly
Fires in road tunnels constitute complex scenarios with interactions between the fire, tunnel users and safety measures. More and more methodologies for risk analysis quantify the consequences of these scenarios with complex models. Examples for complex models are the computational fluid dynamics model Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) and the microscopic evacuation model FDS+Evac. However, the high c
