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Background: The signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway is observed to be constitutively activated in several malignancies including prostate cancer (PCa). In the present study, we investigated the expression of total STAT3 (tSTAT3) and two forms of activated phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3 727 and pSTAT3 705 ) in tissue microarrays (TMA) of two cohorts of localized horm

The ability to repair or promote regeneration within the adult human brain has been envisioned for decades. Until recently, such efforts mainly involved delivery of growth factors and cell transplants designed to rescue or replace a specific population of neurons, and the results have largely been disappointing. New approaches using stem-cell-derived cell products and direct cell reprogramming hav

Background Risk factors included in the cardiovascular (CHA2DS2‐VASc) score, currently used for atrial fibrillation (AF), may predispose to cardiovascular events whether or not AF is present. The aim was to explore the predictive role of CHA2DS2‐VASc score on cardiovascular outcomes in diabetic patients without AF. Methods We accessed individual data from 610 diabetic patients without AF at baseli

Aortic valve stenosis (AS) is the most common valvular heart disease, and valve replacement is the only definitive treatment. Here we report a large genome-wide association (GWA) study of 2,457 Icelandic AS cases and 349,342 controls with a follow-up in up to 4,850 cases and 451,731 controls of European ancestry. We identify two new AS loci, on chromosome 1p21 near PALMD (rs7543130; odds ratio (OR

Objective: Studies indicate that social constraints (barriers to emotional expression) may be a risk factor for psychological morbidity. We aimed to investigate the association between prostate cancer–related social constraints and psychological well-being following prostate cancer surgery. Methods: In a group of 3478 partnered patients, participating in the Laparoscopic Prostatectomy Robot Open t

BACKGROUND The association between neighborhood deprivation and mortality is well established, but knowledge about whether deprivation is best assessed regionally or nationally is scarce. OBJECTIVE The present study aims to examine whether there is a difference in results when using national and county-specific neighborhood deprivation indices and whether the level of urbanization modifies the ass

AIMS: Reduced lung function and adverse health outcomes are often observed. This study characterizes genetic susceptibility for reduced lung function and risk of developing a range of adverse health outcomes.METHODS: We studied 27,438 middle-aged adults from the Malmö Diet and Cancer study (MDCS), followed up to 28.8 years. Trait-specific Polygenic scores (PGS) for forced expiratory volume in 1 s

Background: Mutations in BRCA2 cause a higher risk of early-onset aggressive prostate cancer (PrCa). The IMPACT study is evaluating targeted PrCa screening using prostate-specific-antigen (PSA) in men with germline BRCA1/2 mutations. Objective: To report the utility of PSA screening, PrCa incidence, positive predictive value of PSA, biopsy, and tumour characteristics after 3 yr of screening, by BR

Purpose Vasectomy is a commonly used form of male sterilization, and some studies have suggested that it may be associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer, including more aggressive forms of the disease. We investigated the prospective association of vasectomy with prostate cancer in a large European cohort, with a focus on high-grade and advanced-stage tumors, and death due to prostate

Optimizing the benefits versus harms of prostate-specific antigen screening can be achieved through stratifying screening and biopsy. This clinical consultation guide provides the scientific background and evidence-based recommendations.

Ultrasound optical tomography (UOT) is a hybrid imaging modality based on interaction between ultrasound and light, with a potential to extend optical imaging capabilities in biological tissues to depths of several centimeters. Several methods have been developed to detect the UOT signal. To better understand their potential for deep tissue imaging, we present a theoretical contrast-to-noise compa

Photo- and charge-carrier-induced ion migration is a major challenge when utilizing metal halide perovskite semiconductors for optoelectronic applications. For mixed iodide/bromide perovskites, the compositional instability due to light- or electrical bias induced phase-segregation restricts the exploitation of the entire bandgap range. Previous experimental and theoretical work suggests that exci