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To develop highly efficient molecular photocatalysts for visible light-driven hydrogen production, a thorough understanding of the photophysical and chemical processes in the photocatalyst is of vital importance. In this context, in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopic (XAS) investigations show that the nature of the catalytically active metal center in a (N boolean AND N)MCl2 (M=Pd or Pt) coordina
The public health impact of population-based mammography screening programs depends on high participation rates. Thus, monitoring participation rates, as well as understanding and considering the factors influencing attendance, is important. With the goal to acquire information on the appropriate level of intervention for increasing screening participation our study aimed to (1) examine whether, o
High-order harmonic generation (HHG) in gases has been established as an important technique for the generation of coherent extreme ultraviolet (XUV) pulses at ultrashort time scales. Its main drawback, however, is the low conversion efficiency, setting limits for many applications, such as ultrafast coherent imaging, nonlinear processes in the XUV range, or seeded free electron lasers. Here we in
The future use of single-molecule magnets in applications will require the ability to control and manipulate the spin state and magnetization of the magnets by external means. There are different approaches to this control, one being the modification of the magnets by adsorption of small ligand molecules. In this paper we use iron phthalocyanine supported by an Au(111) surface as a model compound
Objective To identify predictors of response to methotrexate (MTX) in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods In the SWEFOT trial, patients with RA with symptom duration <1 year started MTX monotherapy (20 mg/weekly) and 405/487 continued until the 3-4-month visit. The primary outcome measure was the DAS28-based European League against Rheumatism (EULAR) response criteria. Multivariate logistic r
Recent advances in coherent multidimensional spectroscopy have boosted interest in exciton coherences in light harvesting complexes. We present nonperturbative calculations of two-dimensional (2D) electronic spectroscopy from a fifth-order phase-matching direction. The calculations show clear patterns that correspond to the electronic structure of one- and two-exciton manifolds of a Fenna-Matthews
We report the results of an association study of melanoma that is based on the genome-wide imputation of the genotypes of 1,353 cases and 3,566 controls of European origin conducted by the GenoMEL consortium. This revealed an association between several SNPs in intron 8 of the FTO gene, including rs16953002, which replicated using 12,313 cases and 55,667 controls of European ancestry from Europe,
To investigate the impact of overweight and obesity on the risk of RA.
Photosynthesis is the process by which energy of light is converted into chemical energy by plants, algae and photosynthetic bacteria. For this, highly specialized pigment-proteins have evolved that capture the light and transform the short-lived excited states of pigment molecules into a stable transmembrane potential. By close scrutiny of organization and processes of the photosynthetic pigment
The structure and chemical composition of Pd nanoparticles exposed to pure CO and mixtures of CO and O-2 at elevated temperatures have been studied in situ by a combination of X-ray Diffraction and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy in pressures ranging from ultra high vacuum to 10 mbar and from room temperature to a few hundred degrees celsius. Our investigation shows that under CO exposure, above
We report on growth and characterization of wurtzite InP-In1-xGaxAs core-shell nanowire heterostructures. A range of nanowire structures with different Ga concentration in the shell was characterized with transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. We found that the main part of the nanowires has a pure wurtzite crystal structure, with occasional stacking faults occurring only at the t
Family history is a strong predictor of hereditary breast cancer, particularly when it includes cases of early onset or bilateral breast cancers and multiple cases of breast or ovarian cancers. This article provides relative risks and cumulative risks of breast cancer in women whose family history indicates high risk. Specifically, the aim was to determine how many years earlier the high-risk wome
Epilepsy comprises a family of neurological disorders characterized by recurrent seizures, which can be highly debilitating. Up to 30% of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, the most common form of the disorder in adults, arising in the hippocampus, cannot be effectively treated by current pharmaceuticals. Novel treatment strategies are highly needed, as well as increased understanding of the hi
The absorption of light is at the core of photovoltaic applications. For many nanostructure-based devices, an assessment of the absorption in the nanostructures is complicated by a thick, opaque substrate that prohibits transmission measurements. Here, we show how a single reflection measurement can be used for approximating the amount of light absorbed in vertical semiconductor nanowire arrays. (
MOS devices based on III-V semiconductors and thin high-k dielectric layers offer possibilities for improved transport properties. Here, we have studied the interface structure and chemical composition of realistic MOS gate stacks, consisting of a W or Pd metal film and a 6- or 12-nm-thick HfO2 layer deposited on InAs, with Hard X-ray Photoemission Spectroscopy. In and As signals from InAs buried
We explore cell heterogeneity during spontaneous and transcription-factor-driven commitment for network inference in hematopoiesis. Since individual genes display discrete OFF states or a distribution of ON levels, we compute and combine pairwise gene associations from binary and continuous components of gene expression in single cells. Ddit3 emerges as a regulatory node with positive linkage to e
Victimization in cyberspace has emerged as a new public health issue among the young. The main purpose of this study was to analyze associations between cyber victimization defined as cyber harassment (CH) (a somewhat broader concept than cyberbullying) and subjective health complaints (SHC), to study whether these associations were modified by parental/friend support (measured as communication),
Obesity is a well-established risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC), and accumulating evidence suggests a differential influence of sex and anthropometric factors on the molecular carcinogenesis of the disease. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between height, weight, bodyfat percentage, waist- and hip circumference, waist-hip ratio (WHR), body mass index (BMI) and
