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AimSpeech difficulties are common in children with cleft palate, but research on foreign-born children is limited. This study aimed to compare speech outcomes, surgery and speech intervention in 5-year-old foreign-born and Swedish-born children with cleft palate with or without cleft lip.MethodsThis retrospective study analysed data from the Swedish cleft lip and palate registry for children born

Background: The main aim of the present population-based study was to compare drugs in fall versus non-fall accidents causing major trauma, including both clinical and medico-legal autopsy data. Methods: All individuals with accidents resulting in major trauma, a new injury severity score (NISS) > 15 or lethal outcome was identified at hospital and/or the Department of Forensic Medicine between 20

This study explores the impact an exogenous improvement in childhood health has on later-life outcomes. Using extensive and detailed register data from the Swedish Interdisciplinary Panel, we follow individuals exposed to the introduction of the first vaccine against polio in Sweden (birth cohorts 1937-1966) until adulthood in order to quantify the causal effect of polio vaccination on long-term e

Molecular junctions offer unique opportunities for controlling charge transport on the atomic scale and for studying energy conversion. For example, quantum interference effects in molecular junctions have been proposed as an avenue for highly efficient thermoelectric power conversion at room temperature. Toward this goal, we investigated the effect of quantum interference on the thermoelectric pr

Transitioning into retirement is an under-researched phenomenon in developing countries. Largely, this is linked to a predominance of contexts where –in particular –the rural population remains outside the coverage of any formal pension system. In 2008, China introduced the New Rural Social Pension (NRSP), a program which by now covers the majority of the Chinese rural elderly. This paper examines

Summary Systematic process triage quickens the treatment of the most sick patients Ugeskr Læger 2011;173(40):2490-2493 Systematic process triage is a relatively unknown concept in Denmark. Currently there are no national recommendations regarding triage models for use in the emergency department (ED). Four medium-sized EDs from different regions across the country cooperated in a joint venture to

The concept of an innovation system is used to understand how innovation contributes to economic growth. However, innovation systems do not evolve evenly in different parts of the world. This paper contributes to the ongoing debate on the emergence of innovation systems in the context of developing countries. It uses the Rwandan case, where agriculture is a dominant socio-economic sector with high

Introduction: Data on outcome in persons with haemophilia B (PwHB) are limited and mainly extrapolated from studies of haemophilia A (HA). Aim: To characterize treatment outcomes in persons with severe HB in the Nordic region, with a focus on joint health, compared with matched controls with HA. Methods: PwHB attending haemophilia centres in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden were enrolled and ma

The ability to control the shape, distribution and composition of non-metallic inclusions has had an important impact on many aspects of steel making. One such impact is on the machinability. Ca-treatments have shown to be able to reduce the abrasiveness of oxide inclusions, improve chip-breaking and lead to formation of deposits that reduce tool wear. However, machining Ca-treated steels with Al2

The primary tool material when machining Ti6Al4V titanium alloy is uncoated straight cemented carbide. This study examines the performance of these materials during high-speed finish turning, and uses the advanced microscopy methods of SEM, (S)TEM, XEDS, and SAED to explore the fundamental tool wear mechanisms. The wear modes include a combination of flank wear and rake cratering. Four individual

Synthesis methods of highly functional core@shell nanoparticles with high throughput and high purity are in great demand for applications, including catalysis and optoelectronics. Traditionally chemical synthesis has been widely explored, but recently, gas-phase methods have attracted attention since such methods can provide a more flexible choice of materials and altogether avoid solvents. Here,

Hard turning of helical gear hubs produced from low-carbon alloyed steel with a bulk hardness of HRC 35, and case hardened up to HRC 60–63 with PCBN tools was considered in this study. The workpieces after heat treatment are characterized by a non-uniform thickness of the hardened surface layer which results in a high variation of measured HRC hardness. The deviation of surface microhardness is ev

Although the consequences of hospital ED crowding have been studied extensively, the causes of crowding are still not well understood. Throughput factors in ED crowding models are difficult to study in a controlled fashion in a dynamic environment where healthcare demand changes rapidly, and physical and human resources suddenly become limited. Opportunities for automated, simultaneous, and low-co

Industrial chemicals such as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have been associated with reduced fertility in women, including longer time-to-pregnancy (TTP), higher odds for infertility, and earlier reproductive senescence. Fertility is highly dependent on the ovarian reserve, which is composed of a prenatally determined stock of non-growing follicles. The quantity and quality of the follicles

The stability of nanoparticles and their supports are critical, but poorly understood, parameters for applications of such systems in liquid environments. Here we develop an approach to systematically investigate the stability of aerosol-generated nanoparticles after exposure to commonly used solvents using a combination of identical location-SEM and density/size analysis. We demonstrate that the

BACKGROUND: Due to demographic changes, hospital emergency departments in many countries are overcrowded. Internationally, several primary healthcare models have been introduced as alternatives to hospitalisation. In Norway, municipal acute wards (MAWs) have been implemented as primary care wards that provide observation and medical treatment for 24 h. The intention is to replace hospitalisation f

Introduction: This post hoc analysis of the “Early MAXimization of bronchodilation for improving COPD stability” (EMAX) trial investigated whether patients achieving early clinically important improvement (CII) sustained longer-term improvements and lower risk of clinically important deterioration (CID). Methods: Patients were randomized to umeclidinium/vilanterol, umeclidinium, or salmeterol for

Background The number and rank order of siblings could be of importance for risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. Previous studies have used only fatal events for risk prediction. We, therefore, aimed to use also non-fatal coronary and cardiovascular events in fully adjusted models. Methods From the Multiple-Generation Register in Sweden, data were used from 1.36 million men and 1.32 milli