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This chapter shows that marital status has had a fairly consistent association with mortality over the entire twentieth century for men. Increasingly, this association was also found among women. Married men have a survival premium today, and the same was true in the past. For men, marriage has been associated with lower mortality throughout the twentieth century and into the twenty-first century,
BACKGROUND AIMS: The EAT-Lancet Commission devised a globally sustainable dietary pattern to jointly promote human health and sustainability. However, the extent to which this diet supports metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has not yet been assessed. This study aimed to investigate the association between the EAT-Lancet diet and risk of MASLD and its severity.APPROAC
Background and objective: Clinical practice guidelines for prostate cancer (PCa) are a valuable resource for everyday clinical practice. The clinical practice guidelines and recommendations produced by various societies should demonstrate a considerable level of consistency in terms of quality, regardless of the society that developed these given the common evidence base. However, to date, no stud
BACKGROUND & AIMS: We aimed to evaluate the association of frequency of polyp diagnosis in relatives with the risk of overall and early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC).METHODS: We leveraged data from nationwide Swedish family cancer datasets (1964-2018) to calculate standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for individuals with a family history of polyp by frequency of polyp diagnosis in family membe
Introduction: In human-agent interaction, trust is often measured using human-trust constructs such as competence, benevolence, and integrity, however, it is unclear whether technology-trust constructs such as functionality, helpfulness, and reliability are more suitable. There is also evidence that perception of “humanness” measured through anthropomorphism varies based on the characteristics of
While organic matter (OM) interactions in the water column prevent iron (Fe) precipitation and sedimentation, Fe also acts as a precursor of aggregation and a vector of OM to sediments. This study aims to characterize Fe–OM interactions to understand the role of Fe in promoting aggregation and transport of OM. Samples of Fe and OM were collected from water, settling material, and sediment along a
We aimed to investigate the school performance gap and its potential trend from 2010 to 2020 in non-immigrant and second-generation immigrant children in Sweden, whether parental mental disorders and low socioeconomic status contribute to this gap and its trends, and whether the effects of these factors differ by immigration status. We used multiple Swedish population registers, including 829,787
Mycotoxins have been hypothesized to contribute to a diversity of adverse health effects in humans, even at low concentrations. Certain mycotoxins are established human carcinogens, whereas for others research suggests potential carcinogenic effects. The aim of this study was to determine the association between dietary exposure to mycotoxins and hepatobiliary cancers in the European Prospective I
Background: Home mechanical ventilation (HMV), noninvasive ventilation and invasive ventilation outside a hospital setting, is a key treatment to improve outcomes in chronic hypoventilation. Research Question: What are the temporal trends observed over 27 years in Sweden regarding the incidence, prevalence, diagnostic spectrum, and patient characteristics associated with HMV? Study Design and Meth
Aims: The left atrial appendage (LAA) produces natriuretic peptides and its removal or occlusion might increase the risk of heart failure (HF). We aimed to investigate the incidence of HF after LAA occlusion or removal (LAAO) in the Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion Study (LAAOS III). Methods and results: Patients (n = 4811) with atrial fibrillation (AF) and a CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥2, who were having
Introduction: Thyroid cancer (TC) is diagnosed in several histological types which differ in their clinical characteristics and survival. We aim to describe how they influence TC survival in Sweden. Methods: Cancer data were obtained from the Swedish cancer registry between years 1999 and 2018, and these were used to analyze relative survival. Results: Relative survival for all TC improved when an
Telomere length (TL) is a biomarker linked to age-related diseases based on its sensitivity to oxidative DNA damage and inflammation. Methylmercury (MeHg) is a common pollutant in fish. It may induce oxidative stress leading to shorter TL. However, previous research showed contradictory results and dose-concentration dependencies and non-linear relationships have been suggested. This study was car
Tar is an undesirable byproduct of biomass gasification, which can be removed through catalytic reforming to syngas components. Iron is a promising, abundant alternative to highly active but toxic nickel catalysts. The results observed so far in catalytic studies with iron have been mixed. In this paper, the decomposition of naphthalene, a representative model compound of tar, was studied on the c
BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) after stroke has significant health benefits if it is conducted regularly, with sufficient intensity and duration. Because of the health benefits, it is important to identify those below the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended level of PA. However, few studies have assessed the level of PA after stroke in relation to the WHO recommendations and which soci
Lahti, A, Grundberg, A, Stenman, E, and Sundquist, K. Physical characteristics of Swedish female professional ice hockey players allowed body checking. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2024 - In ice hockey, physical characteristics impact sporting performance. This study aims to describe body height, body mass, and body mass index (BMI) in professional female ice hockey players in the Swedish W
In addition to biological factors, maternal exposures during pregnancy can contribute to leukemogenesis in offspring. We conducted a population-based cohort study in Sweden to investigate the association between risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in offspring and maternal anthropometrics during pregnancy. A total of 2,961,435 live-born singletons during 1983-2018 were followed from birth t
Synchrotron-radiation nano-X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) is a cutting-edge technique offering high-resolution insights into the elemental composition of biological tissues, shedding light on metabolic processes and element localization within cellular structures. In the context of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF), a debilitating lung condition associated with respiratory complications and reduced li
We conducted a multiancestry genome-wide association study of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in 296,754 men (211,342 European ancestry, 58,236 African ancestry, 23,546 Hispanic/Latino and 3,630 Asian ancestry; 96.5% of participants were from the Million Veteran Program). We identified 318 independent genome-wide significant (P ≤ 5 × 10 -8) variants, 184 of which were novel. Most demonstra
BACKGROUND: Sustained intrauterine hypoxia causes some four million perinatal deaths annually worldwide. The condition is predicated by neonatal acidemia, as determined by pH in umbilical cord blood at birth. We aimed to evaluate the association between umbilical cord arterial pH and long-term outcomes up to 20 years of follow-up.STUDY DESIGN: Using a retrospective cohort design, umbilical cord ar
