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This study describes how the serum protein histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) affects the complement system. We show that HRG binds strongly to several complement proteins: C1q, factor H and C4b-binding protein and that it is found complexed with these proteins in human sera and synovial fluids of rheumatoid arthritis patients. HRG also binds C8 and to a lesser extent mannose-binding lectin, C4 and

Until 4 decades ago, the rates of stroke in low- and middle-income countries were considerably lower than those in more economically robust countries. In the intervening years, however, the rates of stroke in places such as southern India and rural South Africa have approximately doubled, whereas stroke rates in more economically developed nations have decreased. What is far more striking is that

Airborne dispersal of microorganisms influences their biogeography, gene flow, atmospheric processes, human health and transmission of pathogens that affect humans, plants and animals. The extent of their impact depends essentially on cell-survival rates during the process of aerosolization. A central factor for cell-survival is water availability prior to and upon aerosolization. Also, the abilit

The effect of sub-monolayer silicon on the oxidation of Al(111) and Al(100) surfaces was investigated using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. On both surfaces the adatom site is preferred over substituting Si into the Al-lattice; on Al(100) the four fold hollow site is vastly favored wh

In order to significantly improve engine efficiency and reduce exhaust emissions at the same time, new radical combustion concepts have emerged. Gasoline partially premixed combustion (PPC) is one of them, with early results showing high gross indicated efficiency. To achieve that, PPC relies on high EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) use, with numbers that can reach up to 50%. Such a high amount of

Evacuation is an important activity for reducing the number of casualties and amount of damage in disaster management. Evacuation planning is tackled as a spatial optimization problem. The decision-making process for evacuation involves high uncertainty, conflicting objectives, and spatial constraints. This study presents a Multi-Objective A

Bacteria are essential for many ecosystem services but our understanding of factors controlling their functioning is incomplete. While biodiversity has been identified as an important driver of ecosystem processes in macrobiotic communities, we know much less about bacterial communities. Due to the high diversity of bacterial communities, high func-tional redund

Skeletal development is heterogeneous. Throughout growth, bone size is more maturationally advanced than the mineral being accrued within its periosteal envelope; before puberty, appendicular growth is more rapid than axial growth; during puberty, appendicular growth slows and axial growth accelerates. We studied women with differing age of onset of anorexia nervosa to determine whether this tempo

Disentangling phylogenetic relationships proves challenging for groups that have evolved recently, especially if there is ongoing reticulation. Although they are in most cases immediately isolated from diploid relatives, sets of sibling allopolyploids often hybridize with each other, thereby increasing the complexity of an already challenging situation. Dactylorhiza (Orchidaceae: Orchidinae) is a

Världens skogar lagrar stora mängder kol både som levande biomassa och i marken. Skogarnas förmåga att motverka klimatförändring genom att fungera som kolsänkor har erkänts inom global klimatpolitik, till exempel Parisavtalet från 2015 vilket uppmanar länder att minska sina utsläpp av växthusgaser. Sverige är ett av flera länder med ambitiösa målsättningar och har lovat att inte ha några nettoutslGlobal forests store large amounts of carbon both in living biomass and in the soil. The ability of forests to counteract climate change by acting as carbon sinks have been recognized in global climate politics, such as the 2015 Paris agreement which calls for national commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Sweden is one of many countries who have pledged ambitious climate goals, promisin

This article chronicles and analyzes the history of the third sector of R&D in Sweden, which corresponds to an organizational field of research institutes outside academia and private firms. Using secondary sources and governmental documentation, the chronicle begins with the forming of a number of industry-specific and industry-owned institutes in the 1940s and ends with today’s reformed and

During the last few years, a more liberal use of premedication in children scheduled for Ürinary tract examinations was noted. In this retrospective study, the influence of the institution of psychological means for preparation as supplement or alternative to premedication on the incidence of cases receiving premedication was investigated. During the period from 1978 to 1982, this was followed in