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I denna avhandling studeras proteiner. Dessa molekyler finns i många varianter, och tillsammans utför de stora delar av kroppens funktioner. Detta inkluderar olika former av signalering (till exempel närvaro av kapsaicin som ger mat hetta), molekyltransport (som till exempel syre), katalys (av till exempel matnedbrytning) och delar av kroppens struktur (som till exempel muskler). Det är därmed kanThis thesis involves the study of proteins. These molecules exist in many variants, and perform most of our bodily functions. This includes signaling (for example the presence of capsaicin, which makes food spicy), molecular transport (including oxygen), catalysis (including food digestion) and part of our body structure (such as muscles). So it is perhaps not too strange that an overwhelming frac

Urban areas differ from natural habitats in several environmental features that influence the characteristics of animals living there. For example, birds often start breeding seasonally earlier and fledge fewer offspring per brood in cities than in natural habitats. However, longer breeding seasons in cities may increase the frequency of double-brooding in urban compared with nonurban populations,

Code review is a common practice in software development andnumerous studies have described different aspects of the process;its characteristics, the expectations on that process, issues aroundreviewer allocation, and more. However, one aspect that has notbeen studied to a large extent is the experience of the developersin the code review process. This is unfortunate given the signifi-cant amount

Stability control of a vehicle in autonomous safety-critical at-the-limit manoeuvres is analysed from the perspective of lane keeping or lane changing, rather than that of yaw control as in traditional ESC systems. An optimal control formulation is developed, where the optimisation criterion is a linear combination of the initial and final velocity of the manoeuvre. Varying the interpolation param

The structural characterization of microgels at interfaces is fundamental to understand both their 2D phase behavior and their role as stabilizers that enable emulsions to be broken on demand. However, this characterization is usually limited by available experimental techniques, which do not allow a direct investigation at interfaces. To overcome this difficulty, here we employ neutron reflectome

Plastics consist of fossil fuels, from both a feedstock and energy perspective and thus need to decarbonise. This thesis maps and explores the framings and technologies that surround plastics decarbonisation and the potential mitigation pathway of carbon capture and utilisation. Here, three of the main findings are presented.By unpacking how EU policymakers understand issues concerning plastics, t

Natural aerosol feedbacks are expected to become more important in the future, as anthropogenic aerosol emissions decrease due to air quality policy. One such feedback is initiated by the increase in biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions with higher temperatures, leading to higher secondary organic aerosol (SOA) production and a cooling of the surface via impacts on cloud radiative p

Polymorphisms in genes in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II region comprise the most important inherited risk factors for many autoimmune diseases including type 1 diabetes (T1D) and celiac disease (CD): both diseases are positively associated with the HLA- DR3 haplotype (DRB1*03:01-DQA1*05:01-DQB1*02:01). Studies of two different populations have recently documented that T1D susceptibili

Introduction: A well-functioning anti-doping system relies on being perceived by athletes as effective, fair, and practically feasible to implement. While research has highlighted the views of Olympic athletes on anti-doping over the past decade, the experiences and perceptions of Para athletes have not been extensively explored. The purpose of this study was to examine Swedish elite Para athletes

Carbapenem resistance caused by metallo-β-lactamases is a serious global challenge that, if not tackled efficiently, is expected to lead to millions of deaths in the coming decades. Verona-integron encoded metallo-β-lactamase 2 (VIM-2) is a bacterial enzyme that has been reported from multidrug-resistant nosocomial isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other Gram-negative pathogens. As it hydroly

Soil is an interface of the lithosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere that provides a habitat for microbial growth. The microbial biomass forms an integral part of the soil. The physiological potential and diversity of the microbial communities in soils are strongly associated with the physicochemical properties of soils. The biotic and abiotic characteristics determine the structure and

A literature review and statistical analysis of the potential of agricultural residual waste as building materials in South Sweden was carried out. This data showed that there is a clear capacity for the use of mainly straw-generating crops as building materials in the region.

This work presents a multivariable control strategy to regulate nighttime temperature and relative humidity inside a greenhouse, using a pipe heating system and a dehumidification system. The greenhouse is modeled as a two-input two-output (TITO) process with a system identification methodology to calculate low-order linear models. Proportional-integral (PI) controllers with anti-windup are used,

Shared socio-economic pathways (SSPs) and shared policy assumptions (SPAs) are lauded as a common basis for climate scenario research across disciplines, yet they lack essential legal and governance elements that are indispensable when assessing future development pathways. This article sets out to address this shortcoming by explaining the interrelated but distinct features of law and governance

AIMS: Synthetic glucocorticoids, including dexamethasone (DEX), are clinically prescribed due to their immunoregulatory properties. In excess they can perturb glucose homeostasis, with individuals predisposed to glucose intolerance more sensitive to these negative effects. While DEX is known to negatively impact β-cell function, it is unclear how. Hence, our aim was to investigate the effect of DE

TMA20 (MCT-1), TMA22 (DENR) and TMA64 (eIF2D) are eukaryotic translation factors involved in ribosome recycling and re-initiation. They operate with P-site bound tRNA in post-termination or (re-)initiation translation complexes, thus participating in the removal of 40S ribosomal subunit from mRNA stop codons after termination and controlling translation re-initiation on mRNAs with upstream open re

Understanding Alzheimer’s disease (AD) heterogeneity is important for understanding the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of AD. However, AD atrophy subtypes may reflect different disease stages or biologically distinct subtypes. Here we use longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging data (891 participants with AD dementia, 305 healthy control participants) from four international cohorts, and

The comparison of measurements of fibronectin and lactoferrin in ejaculates from vasectomized men, subjects with functional deficiency or aplasia of the seminal vesicles, and reference subjects provided evidence that both the fibronectin and the lactoferrin in human seminal fluid originate from the seminal vesicles and the ampullae. The fibronectin is incorporated in the framework of the seminal g