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Collagens are extended trimeric proteins composed of the repetitive sequence glycine-X-Y. A (c) under bar ollagen- related (S) under bar tructural (m) under bar otif (CSM) containing glycine-X-Y repeats is also found in numerous proteins often referred to as collagen-like proteins. Little is known about CSMs in bacteria and viruses, but the occurrence of such motifs has recently been demonstrated.
Species composition affects the carbon turnover and the formation and emission of the greenhouse gas methane (CH4) in wetlands. Here we investigate the individual effects of vascular plant species on the carbon cycling in a wetland ecosystem. We used a novel combination of laboratory methods and controlled environment facilities and studied three different vascular plant species (Eriophorum vagina
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), optical microscopy and turbidity measurements were used to define experimental conditions (time, temperature and shearing) for dissolving high amylopectin potato starch (HAPP) granules. A simple, less time consuming and non-chemical method for preparing starch samples was established. Small-amplitude oscillation measurements were used to characterise the be
Mass transport in pervaporation of multi-component mixtures of homologous series of alcohols and esters through composite pervaporation membranes has been investigated. Pervaporation experiments were performed in a concentration range relevant for aroma recovery, using a membrane with an active layer of poly (octyl) methylsiloxane (POMS) caste on a porous polyetherimide (PEI) support. The fluxes,
Low molecular weight organic carbon compounds are potentially important carbon and energy substrates to heterotrophic production in the aquatic environment. We studied the occurrence of dissolved free amino acids (AA), monosaccharides (CHO), and carboxylic acids (CA) in the subarctic Lake Diktar-Erik. The lake is unproductive with slightly humic water, and receives water via one major inlet stream
Simple and computer attractive models for calculating radiation properties are still needed. This paper gives correlations for the Planck and Rosseland means of the extinction and scattering coefficients for both cylindrically and spherically shaped soot particles. The means are valid for temperatures between 400 and 2400 K and particle radii between 0.001 and 0.5 mum. The errors of these means ar
Ultracentrifugation has been used as a tool for separating dough into different phases and as dough can be described as a bicontinuous system, gluten forms one phase, and starch another. The aim of this study is to investigate the possibility of using ultracentrifugation to extract gluten from dough. By using this method disadvantages such as excess washing, drying and reconstitution of dried glut
Nidogen-1 binds several basement membrane components by well-defined, domain-specific interactions. Organ culture and gene targeting approaches suggest that a high-affinity nidogen-binding site of the laminin gamma1 chain (y1III4) is important for kidney development and for nerve guidance. Other proteins may also bind gamma1III4, although human nidogen-2 binds poorly to the mouse laminin gamma1 ch
Uptake of P(P-32) and Ca(Ca-45) by seedlings of Picea abies (L.) Karst and Betula pendula Roth, non-mycorrhizal or mycorrhizal with Paxillus involutus (Batsch: Fr) Fr. was studied. Seedlings were grown in unamended peat (pH 4.0) or in peat limed (CaO) to pH 5.1 or 6.1. A double-labelled (P-32 and Ca-45) complete nutrient solution was added to the peat 7 wk after planting. An 8 d period was allowed
The impact of an altered bacterial colonization on gut development has not been thoroughly studied, despite the increased risk of certain diseases with a disturbed microbiota after birth. This study was conducted to determine the effect of microbial manipulation, i.e. antibiotic treatment or Escherichia coli (E. coli) exposure, of the dam on bacterial colonization and gut development in the offspr
The appearance and functional properties are primordial in the quality assessment of semifinished fruit and vegetable products. These properties are often associated with shrunken, shriveled, darkened materials of poor rehydration ability after been subjected to air-drying—the most used drying method in the food industry. Fruits and vegetables are cellular tissues containing gas-filled pores that
The influence of amylopectin (Ap) (in the form of high amylopectin potato starch, HAPP) on the rheological properties of its mixtures with amylose (Am) has been studied in small-deformation oscillatory rheometry during relatively long times (6 h). The absence of HAPP granule remnants in the samples has been considered important; therefore HAPP, Am, and HAPP-Am mixtures have been prepared at 140deg
[1] A unified scheme to assign pollen samples to vegetation types was used to reconstruct vegetation patterns north of 55degreesN at the last glacial maximum (LGM) and mid-Holocene (6000 years B. P.). The pollen data set assembled for this purpose represents a comprehensive compilation based on the work of many projects and research groups. Five tundra types (cushion forb tundra, graminoid and for
The dynamic vegetation model (LPJ-GUESS) is used to project transient impacts of changes in climate on vegetation of the Barents Region. We incorporate additional plant functional types, i.e. shrubs and defined different types of open ground vegetation, to improve the representation of arctic vegetation in the global model. We use future climate projections as well as control climate data for 1981
A particle image velocimetry (PIV) method has been developed to measure the velocity field inside and around a forming drop with a final diameter of 1 mm. The system, including a microscope, was used to image silicon oil drops forming in a continuous phase of water and glycerol. Fluorescent particles with a diameter of 1 μm were used as seeding particles. The oil was forced through a 200 μm diamet
Cloud and aerosol effects on radiation in two contrasting cloud types, a deep mesoscale convective system (MCS) and warm stratocumulus clouds, are simulated and compared. At the top of the atmosphere, 45-81% of shortwave cloud forcing (SCF) is offset by longwave cloud forcing (LCF) in the MCS, whereas warm stratiform clouds show the offset of less than similar to 20%. 28% of increased negative SCF
