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Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius (Poepp. and Endl.) H. Robinson) is a storage root originally grown in the Andean highlands. The fresh roots are perishable and quickly turn brown during handling and processing. Aiming to prolong shelf-life and to preserve the antioxidant compounds in yacon roots, 3 mm thick yacon slices were dried in a drying cabinet at 40, 50, and 60 degrees C to a moisture conten
Uniform electroporation of the heterogeneous structure of spinach leaf cross section is a technological challenge that is addressed in this investigation. Three dimensional models were created with cells arranged in specific tissue types, considering a leaf with its air fraction and a leaf where the air fraction was replaced by a solution of known properties using vacuum impregnation. The models w
Summertime measurements of CO2 and CH4 fluxes were carried out over a range of high-arctic ecosystem types in the valley Zackenbergdalen since 1996 using both chamber and eddy covariance methodology. The net ecosystem CO2 exchange and CH4 flux data presented reveal a high degree of inter-annual variability within the dominant vegetation types in the valley, but also show distinct differences betwe
Monoamino and diamino analogues of Troger's base have been synthesized by palladium-catalyzed aminations of the corresponding dihalo analogues using low catalyst loadings. Depending on the nature of the dihalo analogue (Br or 1). catalyst loading and the scale of the reaction, monoamino-monohalo and/or diamino analogues of Troger's base were obtained.
No comprehensive evaluation has been made to assess the risk of viral and bacterial infections among patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Using population-based data from Sweden, we estimated risk of infections among 5,326 monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance patients compared to 20,161 matched controls. Patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined
Objectives To describe the clinical history and ultrasound findings in women with struma ovarii. Methods Women with a histological diagnosis of struma ovarii who bad undergone preoperative ultrasound examination were identified front the databases of five ultrasound centers. The tumors were characterized on the basis of ultrasound images,, ultrasound reports and research protocols (when applicable
Background: Gene expression has a strong stochastic element resulting in highly variable mRNA levels between individual cells, even in a seemingly homogeneous cell population. Access to fundamental information about cellular mechanisms, such as correlated gene expression, motivates measurements of multiple genes in individual cells. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR ( RT-qPCR) is the most acc
A novel algorithm for detection of saccades and postsaccadic oscillations in the presence of smooth pursuit movements is proposed. The method combines saccade detection in the acceleration domain with specialized on- and offset criteria for saccades and postsaccadic oscillations. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated by comparing the detection results to those of an existing velocity-based
Purpose Timely knowledge of the bacterial etiology and localization of infection are important for empirical antibiotic therapy. Thus, the goal of this study was to evaluate routinely used biomarkers together with novel laboratory parameters in the diagnosis of infection. Methods In this prospective study, 54 adult patients with bacterial infections admitted to the Department of Infectious Disease
The effects of chocolate shell particle size were investigated by means of its influence on rate of oil migration and fat bloom development. The particle size of the non-fat particles in the chocolate, i.e. sugar and cocoa particles was varied between 15, 22 and 40 mu m. A novel set of analytical techniques was used and by combining migration results with surface topology results clear differences
Inconel 718 is a high strength, heat resistant superalloy that is used extensively for components in hot sections of gas turbine engines. This paper presents an experimental study on the thermal stability of broached Inconel 718 in terms of microstructure and nano-hardness. The broaching process used in this study is similar to that used in gas turbine industries for machining fir-tree root fixing
A method for simultaneous determination of the diffusion and sorption properties of cement-based materials is presented. It is a gravimetric method where one small specimen is exposed to stepwise changes in relative humidity while its mass is being measured. As sorption in cement-based materials is slow, the change in relative humidity to the next level is made before final equilibrium has been re
We studied the commencement and finishing of the growing season using different air temperature indices, the surface albedo, the chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) and the carbon dioxide (CO2) tropospheric concentration, together with eddy covariance measurements of CO2 flux. We used CO2 flux data from four boreal coniferous forest sites covering a wide latitudinal range, and CO2 concentration measu
Using constant-effort catch data, causes of annual variation in the timing of migration of Curlew Sandpipers (Calidris ferruginea) migrating through Ottenby, Sweden, as well as the trend in timing of migration from 1946-2005, was investigated. Variation in the timing of autumn migration of adult and juvenile Curlew Sandpipers was influenced by breeding success connected to predation pressure on th
One hypothesis for the reduction of vision in cave animals, such as the eyeless Mexican cavefish, is the high energetic cost of neural tissue and low food availability in subterranean habitats. However, data on relative brain and eye mass in this species or on any measure of the energetic cost of neural tissue are not available, making it difficult to evaluate the "expensive tissue hypothesis." We
Purpose/Background: Utilizing proton therapy (PT) for treatment of Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) has demonstrated favorable features, particularly a reduced dose to organs at risk (OAR) in comparison with photon radiotherapy. However, there is a coherent complexity with PT including its uncertainties, such as range-uncertainties and set-up variations as protons are highly sensitive to tissue density var
An interacting particle system is a stochastic process describing the evolution of finitely or infinitely many particles, each of which, in the absence of any interaction, would evolve like a Markov process. The particle system can be examined in different scales by grouping particles together and considering their average. Their behaviour is described by a Markov process on a microscopic scale, w
The majority of the coastal area of Scania is highly susceptible to sediment transportation. Due to various influences which are both human induced and natural, the morphology of coastal dunes often alters. Therefore, it is important to assess these changes, especially after major cyclonic storms such as the storm Babet in order to get a comprehensive understanding of the aftermath. The purpose of
