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Live attendance at sports events is important for individual teams as well as for the broader community of a sport. The amount of uncertainty about the outcome of a game is considered a crucial determinant of game attendance. This study examines how fans’ expectation about game outcome affects game attendance in Swedish Allsvenskan. The empirical analysis is guided by a behavioural model of th
High affinity antibodies of appropriate isotype are crucial for protection against pathogens and are generated within secondary lymphoid organs in structures called germinal centers (GC). Apart from affinity maturation, germinal centers also give rise to memory B cells and plasma cells, but how these fate decisions are regulated and what signals may be delivered by TFH cells is still unclear. Usin
Approximately 80% of agricultural land in the world is comprised of annual crops which have a life span of only one year. Research has shown that these crops are unsustainable because of these short life spans. Soil erosion, nutrient leaching, and losses of soil carbon are just a few problems caused by annual monocultures. Additionally, with the changing climate, these cropping methods are both vu
The most well researched associative memory illusion (AMI) is the Deese–Roediger–McDermott (DRM) paradigm: a list learning task found to induce false memories though study lists with associated words. Typically, the study lists are composed of the 12—15 most frequent Kent-Rosanoff word-pair associations of a "critical lure". This thesis attempts a different approach to list generation.
In an urbanizing world, challenged by climate change and rising temperatures, street vegetation can help mitigate urban temperatures. However, scaling the understanding of street vegetation’s cooling effects from local observations to the city level introduces challenges. While several studies have assessed the influence of street greenery on land surface temperature (LST) at the city scale using
Climate change is expected to alter soil nutrient availability and microbial community functionality. Inputs of labile carbon (C) from root exudates can stimulate the decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM) in a phenomenon known as “priming”; driven by microbial demand for limiting resources. Climate-driven changes in resource availability may therefore influence soil susceptibility to priming,
Annual cropping systems dominate agricultural grain production, but have been linked to several key environmental issues, such as loss of biodiversity and pollution of groundwater. Newly developed perennial grains may offer solutions to some of those problems. Their longer roots and growing seasons theoretically enable them to act as sinks of atmospheric carbon. This study set out to compare soil-
Progressing urbanisation puts strong pressure on existing infrastructure, forcing new projects to provide for society’s increased demand. Owing to modern state-of-the-art knowledge and imposed regulations, publicly driven initiatives are mandatory to use Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) technologies for project realisation. The thesis examines High Sp
This paper investigates the role of inequality in shaping both the level and direction of innovation across 50 countries from 2015 to 2018. Drawing on the framework of national innovation systems and employing Principal Component Analysis (PCA) alongside multivariate OLS regressions, we construct composite indicators for governance, inequality, and institutional capacity. Our findings suggest that
Flying insects are able to negotiate complex environments such as tropical rainforests as well as less complex environments such as flowering meadows although little is known about how they avoid collisions while doing this. In this study, insect negotiation through holes was investigated using Bumblebees Bombus terrestris and Orchid bees Euglossa imperialis as test animals. This was done by allow
This study aims to compare the different welfare provisions in the form of parental leave benefits and entitlements, and their effect on FLFP in Sweden and Japan. Evidence of a welfare based glass ceiling in the case of Sweden, and a glass ceiling, based on the lack of family welfare in Japan, is found. However Swedish women’s position on the labor market is stronger, when compared to Japanese wom
Rivers have been modified significantly during the last 200 years in Switzerland. These modifications were done for protection purposes (protection against floods), construction of hydropower plants, gain of land or other human activities. These artificial transformations have reduced, sometimes drastically, the natural dynamic of the rivers, which has reduced biodiversity, and has also increased
Sammanfattning Avregleringen av den finansiella marknaden har skapat förutsättningar för alternativa marknadsplatser. Företag kan i dag välja att notera sig på icke traditionella börser som inte är knutna till en fysisk handelsplats. För att skapa förtroende och långsiktighet för dessa virtuella marknadsplatser krävs det att vikt läggs vid relationen till kunderna. En del i detta är att ta hänsyn
The aim of this study is to assess the effect that different fire exposures have on the behaviour of gypsum plasterboard assemblies with known fire resistance rating. For this purpose a series of fire tests were performed on commonly used wall assemblies. Four different small scale samples were tested under ISO 834 and HCC standard fire curves. Additionally, one assembly was tested in an enclosure
To shed light on the interaction between macroprudential and monetary policies, we study the inward transmission of foreign monetary policy in conjunction with domestic macroprudential and monetary policies in Norway and Sweden. Using detailed bank-level data we show how Norwegian and Swedish banks’ lending reacts to monetary policy surprises arising abroad, controlling for the domestic macroprude
Background: The optimal antibiotic treatment length for infective endocarditis (IE) is uncertain. International guidelines recommend treatment duration of up to 6 weeks for patients with left-sided IE but are primarily based on historical data and expert opinion. Efficacies of modern therapies, fast recovery seen in many patients with IE, and complications to long hospital stays challenge the rati
Over the past half century, the Yangtze Plain of China has experienced rapid economic development. Lake reclamation (i.e., conversion of natural lake/wetland areas to agricultural/urban land or aquaculture, thereby reducing the area of natural waters) in particular has greatly contributed to meeting the increasing demands for food and urban development. However, until now, a comprehensive quantifi
A characterisation is given of bounded embeddings from weighted L2 spaces on bounded intervals into L2 spaces on the half-plane, induced by isomorphisms given by the Laplace transform onto weighted Hardy and Bergman spaces (Zen spaces). As an application necessary and sufficient conditions are given for the boundedness of truncated Hankel and Toeplitz integral operators, including the weighted cas
To shed light on the interaction between macroprudential and monetary policies, we study the inward transmission of foreign monetary policy in conjunction with domestic macroprudential and monetary policies in Norway and Sweden. Using detailed bank‐level data, we show how Norwegian and Swedish banks’ lending reacts to monetary policy surprises arising abroad, controlling for the domestic macroprud
