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Intrinsic permeability of water in beefburgers made of different meat raw materials cooked at 50 degrees C, 60 degrees C, 70 degrees C and 80 'C was measured using an air-driven pressure cell, and it was found to be in the range of 6.8 x 10(-18) m(2) to 1.6 x 10(-16) m(2) for the temperature ranging from 50 degrees C to 80 degrees C. The highest permeability value was found in beefburgers prepared
Applications of nanoparticles are of rising interest in separation science, due to their favorable surface-to-volume ratio as well as their applicability in miniaturization. A stationary phase with large surface area in combination with an electroosmotic flow-driven system has great potential in a highly efficient separation system. This review covers the use of various nanoparticles as stationary
Rapid heat transfer methods can be used to speed up the baking, process and create new product properties. This study investigates the effect of air jet impingement and infrared radiation (alone or in combination) on crust formation of par-baked baguettes during post-baking. The parameters investigated are crust color; crust thickness, total water loss, and heating time. The results show that infr
We describe the design of the secondary pion beam-line installed at the SIS 18Tm synchrotron at GSI, Darmstadt, and discuss the commissioning results. The experiments were performed with proton and C-12 primary beams at several energies using beryllium production targets. Pion yields in a momentum range between 0.4 and 2.8 GeV/c were identified, At the highest primary beam energies of 3.5 GeV for
Popular Abstract in Swedish En experimentell och teoretisk studie kring bränder i varulager i både modell och verklig skala har genomförts. Teoretiska modeller för att beräkna flamhöjder, gas temperaturer, gas hastigheter och värmeflöde inuti spalterna mellan de lagrade varorna presenteras. Modellerna kan t ex användas för att beräkna tid till utlösning av olika sprinklers som används för att skydA theoretical and experimental study of rack storage fires and responsiveness of sprinklers is presented. Free-burn tests with non-combustible and combustible material were carried out in reduced scale with verification in large scale. Formulas for in-rack flame height, excess gas temperature, gas velocity and heat flux to storage walls are provided. The formulas include overall heat release rate,
Supersingular H-n rank one perturbations of an arbitrary positive self-adjoint operator A acting in the Hilbert space H are investigated. The operator corresponding to the formal expression A(alpha) = A + alpha(phi,.)phi, alpha is an element of R, phi is an element of H-n (A), is determined as a regular operator with pure real spectrum acting in a certain extended Hilbert space H superset of X The
Popular Abstract in Swedish Syftet med denna studie var att: (I) undersöka förekomsten av höftartros på Island i jämförelse med södra Skandinavien, (II) utreda frekvensen av operation med total höftledsplastik (THP) för artros på Island, (III) jämföra två olika metoder för bedömning av höftartros med röntgenbilder, (IV) i en populationsbaserad studie påvisa förekomsten av ärftlighet för höftartrosHereditary factors are suggested to contribute to osteoarthritis (OA), but their relative importance is uncertain. Moreover, the underlying specific variations at the genome level remain unknown. The prevalence of hip OA in Iceland was assessed by examining colon radiographs and was found to be at least 5-fold higher compared to Sweden and Denmark. The age-standardized incidence of total hip repl
Biobjective and bidisciplinary optimal design of high-performance airfoil and wing applying two kinds of optimization methods and genetic algorithm are discussed. An objective function combination method (OFCM) of constructing a resultant objective function in DOM or a fitness function in GA for biobjective optimization.
Not only has recombinant DNA added another source of insulin for treatment, but also, and perhaps more important, it has allowed the development of new techniques for studying the structure and function of the B cell at the gene level. We can only hope that this information will bring us closer to the understanding of the disease, so the diabetic patient may benefit from other measures of treatmen
A model based on rate-equation analysis has been developed for simulation of two-photon-excited laser-induced fluorescence of carbon monoxide (CO) in the Hopfield-Birge band at 230 nm. The model has been compared with experimental fluorescence profiles measured along focused beams provided by lasers emitting nano-, pico-, and femtosecond pulses. Good quantitative agreement was obtained between sim
To elucidate the role of biogenic amines in insulin secretion, pancreatic islets rich in β-cells were microdissected from obese-hyperglycemic mice and were incubated with 14C-labelled 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). The saturability of uptake and the fact that 5-HT was accumulated to high levels indicated that the β-cells possess a transport system with great capacity for this amine. The initial uptak
Proteinase activated receptor-2 plays a crucial role in a wide variety of conditions with a strong inflammatory component. We present the discovery and characterization of two structurally different, potent, selective, and metabolically stable small-molecule PAR-2 agonists. These ligands may be useful as pharmacological tools for elucidating the complex physiological role of the PAR-2 receptors as
The sharing economy is an emerging niche for innovation capable of disrupting established socio-technical and economic regimes. Because of this potential to cause radical changes in a wide array of domains, research in multiple disciplines addressing various aspects entailing this phenomenon is proliferating. In this emerging body of literature, the understanding and framing of the sharing economy
Recently, the geographical origins of Ashkenazic Jews (AJs) and their native language Yiddish were investigated by applying the Geographic Population Structure (GPS) to a cohort of exclusively Yiddish-speaking and multilingual AJs. GPS localized most AJs along major ancient trade routes in northeastern Turkey adjacent to primeval villages with names that resemble the word "Ashkenaz." These finding
This paper argues that an economic system of large and small technology-based firms which interact through technology-related acquisitions and spin-offs can be highly conducive to overall innovativeness and growth. Based on Williamson's (1975) suggestion of a 'systems solution by classical specialisation', and the empirical research on Swedish technology-based firms reported by Lindholm (1994), an
