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The song of many songbirds can be thought of as consisting of variable sequences of a finite set of syllables. A common approach in understanding the structure of these songs is to model the syllable sequences with a Markov Model. The Markov Model can either allow one-to-one (Markov Chain), many-to-many (Hidden Markov Model) or many-to-one (Partially Observed Markov Model) state to syllable mappin
With more than half the world’s population living in ever more economically productive cities, and urbanisation continuing apace, large-scale environmental problems resulting from unsustainable, excessively consumption-focussed life styles are doomed to happen. Meanwhile large amounts of equipment and infrastructure are barely used. The recently emerged Sharing City concept combines the benefits o
There are many contributing factors, to why Northern Ireland is regarded as a prime example for conflict resolution. In this thesis, we will seek to test the factors, that several scholars and politicians, such as; Tony Blair, Peter Hain and Jennifer Todd, have argued were the most important to create piece. This will be done through a comparative study with Cyprus, which is still regarded an acti
This report is part of a Master Thesis in Mechanical Engineering with Industrial Design at the Faculty of Engineering, Lund University. The Master Thesis was performed at SCA, a global paper company that operates within the segments personal care, tissue, packaging, publication papers and solid-wood products. SCA sells products in more than 100 countries. Tork is the global brand name for SCA prod
This study aims to investigate how people agree to precise and less precise arguments and if happy mood affects the agreement to precise and less precise arguments. Four hundred and forty three participants were recruited through Facebook and were randomly divided into the two conditions happy mood condition and neutral mood condition. Participants in both conditions read a scenario where an eyewi
We test a new approach to calculate the mean velocity and velocity dispersion for a sample of nearby stars when their radial velocities are not available. The most commonly used method (here called the projection method, PM) was introduced in a paper by Dehnen & Binney (1998). That method is here compared, theoretically and numerically, with an application of the Maximum Likelihood (ML) method
Ammonia (NH3) is an important chemical both as a chemical precursor and in its own right. It is therefore of practical importance to be able to visualize ammonia gas especially when ammonia is present in combustion or flue-gas environments. This thesis is focused on the use of laser-induced fluorescence with the stated aim of imaging ammonia in low concentrations, with the end-goal of applying the
miRNA och dess termodynamik I alla männskliga celler (förutom i de röda blodkropparna) finns en cellkärna. Inuti kärnan finns DNA:t. Segment av DNA kan läsas i en process kallad för transkription. I denna process omkodas det cellulära DNA genom transkription till den strukturellt liknande molekylen RNA. Denna molekyl blir vanligtvis avläst av cellen i en process kallad translation där kedjor av aAbstract We have performed a series of experiments in order to elucidate the properties of two breast cancer related microRNAs, here we denote A and B. In one experiment, we tested varying concentrations of biologically relevant cation upon the melting curve of A. We saw that the monovalent conditions favoured a melting curve that had two inflexion points whereas the divalent conditions favoured
The expansion of Chinese media’s global influence has attracted many attentions around the world. When scholars focus on describing how the state-owned media extend beyond borders to reach audience around the globe, the long-existed Chinese diasporic media overseas are lack of discussion. How have they performed and shaped the imagination in-between China, host societies and transnational space? I
Researchers in the field of Galactic Archaeology have entered the era of industrial revolution. Upcoming surveys are planning on observing tens of millions of stars and high precision and accuracy must be ensured when deriving their stellar parameters and elemental abundances. Unconventional data-driven techniques hold the promise of efficiently dealing with these vast collections of data while st
In archaeology, we face a unique situation where our primary research method is destructive; excavation as a recording method can only be conducted once. But with the introduction of modern 3D recording methods, much of the process of excavation can be saved and reused. But at the same time, we must overcome the difficulties of examining sites where the data recorded has been accumulated over vast
Denna uppsats undersöker under vilka omständigheter ett dominerande företag kan ha en skyldighet att ingå avtal med konkurrenter i den betydelse som avses i artikel 102 FEUF. Först presenteras en kontextuell bakgrund kring artikel 102 FEUF och rekvisiten för när ett förfarande utgör missbruk av en dominerande ställning. Därefter granskas det inflytelserika rättsfallet Bronner där rekvisiten för atThis paper examines under what circumstances a dominant undertaking may be under a duty to deal with competitors within the meaning of Article 102 TFEU. The paper first provides some contextual background around Article 102 TFEU and the elements of an abuse of a dominant position. It thereafter reviews the influential case of Bronner in which the legal test for determining when a refusal to deal c
This paper examines constructions of nature as communicated in three films by outdoor company Patagonia. By employing discourse analysis and the theory of spectacle, the films are seen to construct nature as wilderness and thus apart from humans. Speaking as an authority on the matter, Patagonia suggests wilderness ideals as a method of conservation. Together with representations of nature as spec
Observing the seeming incapability of nations to sufficiently deal with the borderless threat of climate change, many place their hopes on international environmental movements and organi-zations. However, various reasons drive many social movements to incorporate as NGOs (a phe-nomenon known as NGOization) or lead to existing organizations becoming even more institu-tionalized and professional. T
The observed distribution of giant exoplanet eccentricities and inclinations are significantly larger than what is measured for their Solar system analogues, Jupiter and Saturn. Since the first observations of exoplanets, planet-planet scattering has been proposed as a possible mechanism for exciting the eccentricities and inclinations of giant exoplanets. Many works have showed that indeed the ob
CO2-expanded liquids (CXLs) are a class of solvent systems that have shown great promise as a green and effective medium in synthesis, catalysis, extractions, and analytical separation methods. Unfortunately, not much information is available on the polarity and miscible compositions of CXL systems, information which is crucial for selecting the right solvent system for a particular application. H
The globular cluster population of large spiral galaxies can be divided into two populations: one population which formed in-situ and one which has been assembled through capture of clusters that have been tidally stripped away from other galaxies during close encounters or mergers. In this work, I focus on the globular cluster MGC1, which is orbiting the M31 galaxy. MGC1 is an extremely isolated
The rate of migration and accretion onto protoplanets is greatly influenced by the structure of the surrounding protoplanetary disc. This structure changes with time as the disc evolves on a million year timescale, implying that the process of planet formation might look very different depending on when it was initiated. Further on, the evolution of the disc structure is affected on smaller timesc
