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Post-sale restrictions in patent and trademark licensing agreements and their validity and compliance with competition law emphasize the problematic to what extent the intellectual property holder may enforce its IP rights. In today’s innovative markets, licensing is a one form of how the IP holder may exploit its IPR and obtain revenues. Post-sale restrictions are part of the scope of the license

Since the CJEU’s creation, it has been significant to solidify and review European Law. However, rather than merely being the dispute arbiter of the European Union, it is also seen to be a driver for political change and integration. The involvement of the CJEU in political matters has often been associated with judicial activism. An area especially prone to this phenomenon has been fundamental ri

Abstract: There is growing numbers of literature debating over effective types of innovation modes and interactions that generate innovation output and moreover economic growth. However, these studies are mostly based on the case of developed countries and only few studies cover developing or transition countries. Within this context Estonia is chosen as the most successful post-Soviet transition

In recent years, history of knowledge has been established as a new theoretical field in the study of history. An important perspective in this field is the theory of circulation of knowledge, according to which knowledge should be studied through its movement between different spheres in society – movement that, furthermore, contributes to changing this knowledge. A promising line of inquiry in t

As New Public Management reforms began to be implemented in Sweden in the 1990s, a greater degree of private involvement was introduced in the provision of services in the welfare sector, and some of the companies operating in the sector soon came to be acquired by private equity firms known for their aggressive strategies to increase profits. This study examines the extent to which two major pr

Vision is often considered to top the hierarchy of the senses, reflected for example in the high relative frequency of vision verbs, in comparison to other perception verbs. Results from some previous studies, however, have shown that there is greater cross-linguistic variation concerning perception language than previously thought, emphasising other sense modalities than vision. This thesis condu

Kriminalvårdsanstalten i Kristianstad/Vä har under det senaste året drabbats av omfattande besparingskrav. Detta har i sin tur inneburit genomgripande omstruktureringar och förändringar i verksamheten, framförallt i form av nerskärningar i personalstyrkan. Syftet med studien är att synliggöra och analysera konsekvenserna av det gångna årets besparingsåtgärder. Utifrån detta syfte har jag också for

Sammanfattningsvis har vi kommit fram till att Bottom of the Pyramid segmentet är ett outnyttjat segment gällande antalet aktiva multinationella företag där. Detta grundar sig i att det finns ett stort antal felaktiga antagande gällande köpbenägenheten i segmentet samt kunskapsdelta mellan företag och konsumenter. Menstruationsskydd produceras inte i Indien på grund av att ämnet är tabu. Kunskapsd

FN:s råd för mänskliga rättigheter har flera gånger uppmärksammat det växande problemet med juridiska trakasserier mot journalister i världen. I ett fungerande demokratiskt samhälle är det viktigt att skydda så väl yttrande- som pressfrihet. Rådet har betonat att regler kring ärekränkning utnyttjas för att tysta ner den offentlig debatten och granskningen av makten. Vanligtvis går den här bestraffThe UN Human Rights Council has several times addressed the expanding issue of judicial harassments against journalists around the world. In a functioning democracy, it is important to protect the freedom of expression and the freedom of the press. The Council has emphasized that laws on defamation are used to intimidate public debate and public scrutiny. Generally, the term for this method is str

Syfte: Att undersöka skillnader i konsumenters facebookbeteende angående företags aktiviteter på Facebook beroende på om dessa är lokala eller nationella/internationella. Vidare undersöker studien om det finns något som kännetecknar konsumenter med preferenser gentemot lokala företag på Facebook. Metod: Vårt vetenskapsteoretiska perspektiv i denna uppsats är positivistiskt. Vidare har vi haft enPurpose: To investigate differences in consumer’s Facebook behavior, regarding companies’ activities on Facebook, depending on weather these activities are performed by local or national/international companies. Furthermore, we investigate if there is any distinguishing attributes consumers possess, if they have favorable preferences towards local companies’ activities on Facebook. Methodology: O

Gender equality has become a top priority worldwide. However, gender tends to be synonymous with women and the agency of men is too often marginalised in both development interventions and research. Previous studies have found that as men are not included in the Gender and Development paradigm a “crisis of masculinity” is occurring which implies that sustainable gender equality will be more diffic

The aim of this thesis is to investigate whether there were a change and if so to identify that change in the ideational content of parliamentary motions in the integration policy field during the 2010’s. In the first part of the thesis, international trends in the relevant policy sphere are discussed and identified. Four ideal types of concerning logics of integration are also presented and discu

In scholarly literature, it is widely acknowledged that ‘the shadow of hierarchy’, hence the threat of disadvantageous Community legislation, is an important con-cept in European social dialogue (ESD), where European social partners – that is organised labour and management – are given the chance to negotiate binding agreements on some aspects of European labour and social policy. While the shadow

Upplysningsplikten ålägger den som vill teckna försäkring att förse försäkringsbolaget med relevant information rörande risken. Anledningen till att en sådan skyldighet finns är att den typen av information i många fall finns hos den som vill teckna försäkring. Upplysningsplikten har varit orsaken till en stor mängd domstolsprövningar i Storbritannien medan den i de nordiska länderna knappt har vaThe duty of disclosure is a system of rules applied during the period up until an insurance policy is concluded. In order to ascertain that the insurer gets all the information he needs to properly evaluate the risk, the prospective assured is under a duty to disclose all material circumstances regarding the risk. This duty has caused a great number of lawsuits in the UK, while there have hardly b

Bakgrund/Problem: I samband med generationsskiftet på arbetsmarknaden uppstår frågan hur arbetsgivarna ur ett rent strategiskt perspektiv kan ta ställning till Generation Y (födda under andra halvan av sjuttiotalet fram till ca år 2000) i arbetslivet. Generation Y verkar nämligen ha en förändrad syn jämfört med äldre generationer när det gäller hur man ser på arbetets roll i livet. Företagen måste

Bryggeriet är en ideell förening som ingår i det civila samhället i och med att man tar ett tydligt socialt ansvar för framför allt ungdomar och deras fritidssysselsättning i Malmö. Föreningen är mitt uppe i en organisationsförändring till följd av en längtan efter stabilitet i organisationen men även en önskan om att hitta nya finansieringsalternativ till de bidrag man får från kommunen. Syftet m

The purpose of this thesis is to describe and to increase the understanding of the negotiation process between the public- and the private sector in a Public-Private Partnership (PPP). I have chosen to explore the first ?real? PPP project in Denmark, the construction of Vildbjerg compulsory school in the municipality of Trehøje. This case study is based upon a qualitative method consisting of int