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This chapter focuses on the use of different methods for isolation of alkylresorcinols. Alkylresorcinols are members of a lipid group called non-isoprenoid phenolic lipids. Different aspects of the extraction by classical methods and supercritical CO2 are discussed. Supercritical CO2 extraction of alkylresorcinols from rye bran is discussed for the first time. As compared to the classical extracti
Reflux of equimolecular amounts 2-aminobenzylamine and isatins in acetic acid produced indolo[3,2-c]quinolin-6-ones in good yields. A proposed mechanism involving initial formation of a spiro compound is given. This isolable intermediate subsequently rearranges via a sequential isocyanate ring opening and a cyclisation process to a urea derivative which finally cyclized to the indolo[3,2-c]quinoli
This thesis concerns nozzles and their impact on droplet formation and droplet flight in a continuous ink jet printer. Methods are suggested to characterise droplet formation and droplet flight stability (D.F.S.). A study about the influence of droplet flight stability on the quality of print out is presented. A method to assess the charging process for the continuous ink jet is described. The dev
Popular Abstract in Swedish Ultraljud används inte bara som ett diagnostiskt hjälpmedel utan också som en behandlingsmetod. De terapeutiska områden som utforskas idag är destruktion av cancertumörer, behandling av diskbråck, ökning av antibiotikaeffekter, ökning av cellgiftseffekter och som i detta arbete, ökning av effekterna av propplösande läkemedel. Det görs även försök där ultraljud används fThe aim of this study was to further clarify the pro-fibrinolytic effects, and to explore the possible non-beneficial effects in ischemic organs, during exposure to pulsed ultrasound. This was accomplished by studies of the effects of different intensities of pulsed ultrasound exposure on the fibrinolytic properties of streptokinase and reteplase. Measurements were performed both following pre-exp
Background: Work capacity correlates weakly to disease concepts, which in turn are insufficient to explain sick leave behavior. With data mainly from Sweden, a welfare state with high sickness absence rates, our aim was to develop an explanatory theory of how to understand and deal with work absence and sick leave. Methods: We used classic grounded theory for analyzing data from >130 interviews wi
Blood coagulation factor V (FV) is a 330 kDa plasma glycoprotein. Activated FV (FVa) is a non-enzymatic cofactor to activated Factor X in the activation of prothrombin that occurs during coagulation. To investigate the molecular mechanisms of the quantitative FV deficiency associated with the FV R2 haplotype (a common genetic variant in several populations), four missense mutations identified in
A comparison was made of 15 different techniques which are used in assessing soil microbial populations and/or biomasses. These include direct observations (fungal standing crop, fluorescein diacetate active mycelia, acridine orange stained bacteria), cultural methods (bacterial plate counts), physiological methods (total microbial, bacterial and fungal biomasses, O2-uptake), soil enzyme analyses
The hepatic extraction ratio or propionate and the net hepatic flux of methylmalonate (MMA) were investigated in six Suffolk lambs (32.7 +/- 1.7 kg BW) implanted with catheters in a mesenteric artery and in the portal, hepatic, and ruminal veins and a cannula in the rumen. The lambs were fed a pelleted barley-based diet (1.1 kg DM per day) and subjected to three intravenous infusion protocols sepa
Data from 3 whole body manikins, 2 babies and an adult, were used in the study. All the manikins used the same computer program and similar measuring and control units. No special measurements were made for baby and adult manikin comparison, but available data from earlier measurements was used. The conditions involved air layer insulation measurements (AL), laying on back on an insulating surface
Different simulation and modeling tools often use their own definition of how a model is represented and how model data is stored. Complications arise when trying to model parts in one tool and importing the resulting model in another tool or when trying to verify a result by using a different simulation tool. The Functional Mock-up Interface (FMI) is a standard to provide a unified model executio
Popular Abstract in Swedish Stjärnhimlen har genom tiderna fascinerat människan och man har under historiens gång upprepade gånger försökt förklara vad stjärnorna består av samt hur de skapats. Många av dessa förklaringar har varit fantasifulla, men så här i efterhand sett ganska orealistiska. Till exempel var den medeltida bilden av stjärnhimlen att denna utgjordes av en sfär som roterade kring jThe relationship between the HgMn and Am classes of chemically peculiar stars has been investigated primarily by observing abundances of heavy elements, including Pr, Nd, Hg, Tl and Bi. The main objective of the investigation has been to gather observational evidence to provide a better understanding of the mechanisms producing the abundance anomalies of these stars, and to establish the relations
Yta är, paradoxalt nog, ofta något grundläggande i receptet för framgång i dagens ekonomiska system. Utseende, klädsel, attityd och attribut är centrala element i det som Erving Goffman kallar impression management: förmågan att avge ”rätt” intryck med hjälp av välformulerade självpresentationer som, baserade på statussymboler och associationer, indikerar vem man är eller vill vara (se Goffman 195
This thesis covers aspects of the mature human B cell and its different guises on its way to become a fully differentiated antibody forming plasma cell (AFC), the key player in the humoral immune system. The understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms taking place in the B cell, as it first encounters antigen, enters the germinal center (GC) reaction, giving rise to memory cells and plasma c
This volume contains a comprehensive evaluation of the hypthesis that the Gospel of Mark has been influenced by the theology of the apostle Paul. It discusses the history of this view from the nineteenth Century to the modern day, analyses possible historical Connections between the apostle and the evangelist, and compares and contrasts many major theological themes in both the epistles and the Go
Applications of genetic algorithms (GAs) and artificial neural networks (ANNs) in thermal engineering have received much attention. Compact heat exchangers (CHEs) have special merits of high-performance and compactness and are widely used in various applications of energy and power engineering. This chapter demonstrates optimization design of a plate-fin heat changer and performance prediction of
The aim of this thesis was to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of long-lasting upper extremity symptoms in a general population and to study some methodological aspects of outcome assessment and reporting, including validation of a Swedish version of an upper extremity region-specific outcome instrument that potentially could be useful for assessing upper extremity disorders. A gener
In December 2004, the Indian Ocean Tsunami hit the shores of 13 countries and more than 280,000 people lost their lives. In Thailand, about 10,000 people died or are missing and approximately 8,500 people were injured. The exact number of how many died will never be known. This chapter deals, from a gender perspective, with the significance of Buddhism in the post-Tsunami recovery process in small
