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This text contains an overview of the field of frost and salt-frost resistance of concrete. It consists of three parts: First, a summary of known phenomena of frost and salt frost deterioration of concrete, then a description of thermodynamics of ice formation in porous materials, and finally a description of proposed models and mechanisms of deterioration during frost and salt frost attack. The c
Iterative decoding methods allow efficient decoding of long codes that are composed of smaller component codes. As a result reliable communication can be achieved with low decoding complexity even for rates close to Shannon capacity. This makes iteratively decodable codes a very attractive object of study in modern coding theory. This thesis focuses on different kinds of cycles which appear in th
Popular Abstract in Swedish En avgörande skillnad mellan encelliga organismer såsom bakterier och multicellulära som oss själva är behovet av kommunikation och samarbete mellan cellerna. Redan under fosterstadiet måste cellerna meddela sig med varandra avseende var de skall ta vägen och vilka uppgifter var och en skall åta sig. Exempelvis måste en cell fortlöpande få information om huruvida den skThe pro-inflammatory effect of leukotrienes is an important element in the pathogenesis of multiple disorders, including asthma and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). A serious concern for IBD patients is the increased risk of developing colorectal cancer and since there seems to be a general connection between inflammation and cancer we hypothesised that LTD4 induced signalling events could be in
Popular Abstract in Swedish Det finns en rad situationer då celler, företrädesvis nervceller, i hjärnan dör till följd av en kraftigt begränsad eller helt förhindrad blodtillförsel sk. ischemi. Till dessa hör "Stroke" eller slaganfall. Skallskada, drunkningsolyckor eller hjärtstopp med återupplivning, och hypoglykemi vid insulinkoma är ytterligare några fall där energi- eller syrgastillförseln är Mechanisms of Mitochondria-Induced Brain Damage Following Ischemia and Hypoglycemia Following prolonged disruption of blood flow to the central nervous system (CNS), or energy deprivation by other means, such as hypoglycemia, some cells will inevitably degenerate. It has been, and still is, the subject of considerable debate and intense research on brain ischemia, as to the mode of cell death, i.
Resistance of Concrete to Chloride Ingress sets out current understanding of chloride transport mechanisms, test methods and prediction models. It describes basic mechanisms and theories, and classifies the commonly used parameters and their units which expressing chloride and its transport properties in concrete. Laboratory test methods and in-field applicable test methods, including precision re
Popular Abstract in Swedish Samhällets produktion av avfall är ett ständigt pågående problem. Tidigare metodik för att ta hand om avfallet genom att deponera det på soptippar håller på att förändras. Genom beslut inom EU har det kommit krav på sortering av avfallet vilket har lett till att hushållsavfall inte längre kommer att få deponeras. Ett sätt att ta hand om avfall är att förbränna avfallet Baling of MSW has been extensively used in Sweden and other countries for the storage of energy (biomass for energy) for incineration and production of either and or electricity and heat. Baling is performed in two principally different ways, leading to cylindrical- or rectangular bales. This work has focused on various parameters during the storage of MSW. The first parameters investigated were g
This thesis is concerned with theoretical studies of aqueous solutions and biomolecular systems. Part of the present work is to understand equilibrium solvent and solute properties, while the other part is to study processes that occur in these solutions. Three points were focused: (a) the study of structure and dynamics of 1M aqueous NaCl electrolyte solution at a molecular level, which revealed
Delamination and spallation of thermal barrier coating (TBC) systems, used in hot parts of gas turbines, have been studied with respect to thermal fatigue. TBCs with and without pre-existing cracks were investigated. Thermal shock tests were performed until coating spallation. The experimental results revealed that the cracks primarily responsible for spallation grew horizontally, close to the int
A number of approaches for fungicide determination are presented. A surface sampling technique is utilised for the determination of fungicide foliar residues on greenhouse surfaces, mainly leaves. The procedure is based on solvation of the fungicides on the leaf surface with ethanol and HPLC analysis. It was applied to studies of the environment in greenhouses including investigations of decline r
Reviews and practice guidelines for paediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) recommend cognitive-behaviour therapy (CBT) as the psychological treatment of choice, but note that it has not been sufficiently evaluated for children and adolescents and that more randomized controlled trials are needed. The aim of this trial was to evaluate effectiveness and optimal delivery of CBT, emphasizing c
Popular Abstract in Swedish Med hjälp av tekniker för att deponera enkristallina material i ytterst tunna skikt kan lågdimensionella strukturer i exempelvis halvledarmaterial åstadkommas. Karakteristiskt för lågdimensionella strukturer är att tjockleken hos enskilda skikt ligger i samma storleksordning som elektronernas de-Broglie våglängd. Som en följd av detta kan tydliga kvantmekaniska fenomen Metalorganic vapour phase epitaxy is used for growth of low-dimensional III-V semiconductor structures. The roughness of heterointerfaces in GaAs/GaInP quantum well structures is studied by photoluminescence emission from extremely narrow quantum wells. Results obtained for GaAs/GaInP quantum wells are compared to the more thoroughly investigated GaInAs/InP material combination. The potential of u
