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Background and purpose: Several selective oestrogen receptor modulators ( SERMs) with oestrogen agonist effects in bone cells and without increased risk of breast and endometrial cancer have been developed. Here, we have investigated the effects of different types of SERMs on osteoclast differentiation, bone resorption and apoptosis in vitro. Experimental approach: Human peripheral blood- derived

Young vertebrates have limited capacity to synthesize antibodies and are dependent on the protection of maternally transmitted antibodies for humoral disease resistance early in life. However, mothers may enhance fitness by priming their offspring's immune systems to elevate disease resistance. Transgenerational induced defences have been documented in plants and invertebrates, but maternal primin

The adsorption of a single and negatively charged polyion with varying flexibility onto a surface carrying both negative and positive charges representing a charged membrane surface has been investigated by using a simple model employing Monte Carlo simulations. The polyion was represented by a sequence of negatively charged hard spheres connected with harmonic bonds. The charged surface groups we

The reactive vascular-injuring amino acid homocysteine was measured in plasma samples from 79 well-characterized type 1 diabetic patients and 46 control subjects. Patients with proliferative retinopathy had higher homocysteine levels (15.0 +/- 6.3 mumols l-1; mean +/- SD, p less than 0.001; n = 42) than those with progressive retinopathy during a two-year period (10.4 +/- 1.6 mumols l-1; n = 12),

Abstract in UndeterminedCash-Flow-at-Risk (CFaR) is the cash flow equivalent of Value-at-Risk (VaR), a measure widely used as the basis for risk management in financial institutions. Whereas VaR-based systems specify the maximum amount of total value a firm is expected to lose under most foreseeable conditions (for example, with a 99% confidence level), CFaR-based systems determine the maximum sho

Vascular smooth muscle phenotype is regulated by environmental factors, such as mechanical forces, which exert effects on signaling to differentiation and growth. We used the mouse portal vein in organ culture to investigate stretch-dependent activation of Akt, extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK) and focal adhesion kinase (FAK), which have been suggested to be involved in the regulation o

We use a train of sub-200 attosecond extreme ultraviolet (XUV) pulses with energies just above the ionization threshold in argon to create a train of temporally localized electron wave packets. We study the energy transfer from a strong infrared (IR) laser field to the ionized electrons as a function of the delay between the XUV and IR fields. When the wave packets are born at the zero crossings o

We studied regeneration distance of rat sciatic nerve, with the sensory pinch reflex test and immunocytochemical staining for neurofilaments, four to 21 days after transsection, repair, and enclosure of the repair site in either a non-absorbable silicone tube or an absorbable polyglycolic acid (PGA) tube. The size of both tube-types was carefully selected so that they did not compress the repaired

The pathogenesis of cerebral ischaemia after subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) still remains elusive. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether specific protein kinas C (PKC) inhibition in rats could alter the transcriptional SAH induced Endothelin (ET) type B and 5-hydroxytryptamine type 1B (5-HT1B) receptor upregulation and prevent the associated cerebral blood flow (CBF) reduction. T

The aim was to examine tissue expression of Ku protein in lower lip salivary gland (LSG) biopsies from cases of primary Sjogren's syndrome (SS) and from normal subjects. Methods: immunohistochemistry was used with antibodies to Ku70/86 and also Ki67, PCNA and p53. In addition, the Klenow method was applied in order to detect evidence of apoptosis. Sections of hyperplastic tonsil served as addition

In osteoarthritis (OA), cartilage and bone fragments have been described within the synovial tissue which are surrounded by synovial cells (i.e. detritus synovitis). These cells appear to attach actively to the cartilage and bone fragments. In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), on the other hand, synovial fibroblasts (SF) have also been shown to be localized at sites of invasion into cartilage and bone an

Source-sorted municipal organic waste from different dwelling types in five Danish cities was sampled during one year. The samples were from permanent, full-scale systems or temporary, experimental systems for collection of source-sorted municipal organic waste. Pre-treatment of the organic waste prior to biological treatment was used in all cities to remove foreign objects and provide size reduct

BACKGROUND: Cytotoxic eosinophil granule proteins are considered important in the pathogenesis of inflammatory airway diseases, including asthma, rhinitis, and polyposis. However, little is known about the mechanisms involved in the deposition of these tissue-damaging granular products in vivo. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the occurrence of degranulating eosinophils, those with morphologic ev

The purpose of this study was to estimate the financial costs of disability pension in order to compare the financial burden and the numerical distribution of disability pension by main diagnostic groups. During three months all new disability pensions (n = 944) granted in Malmohus county were registered. During a follow-up of approximately two and a half years, 40 subjects died and 15 pensions ex

Nocturnal hypoglycemia is a common and potentially very dangerous condition facing persons with insulin-treated diabetes. To reduce the risk of going low while sleeping, many patient wilfully elevate their glucose level before bedtime, thereby also eroding the conditions for a sound glucose control for the next day. Recent advances in sensor technology allow for real-time frequent monitoring of th

Investigation of travel-domain dialogues reveals travel-agent (apSystem) utterances with intonational contours characterized by late-timed focal accents on given information. These accents occur on content words in utterance-initial position. The accentuation can be assumed to be related to the interactive nature of the dialogue in which the travel agent links back to a domain-related concept intr

In this study, cancer patients' characteristics associated with death in nursing homes were explored. The study sample included 395 cancer patients who had participated in a trial of palliative care, 260 ( 66%) patients died in hospital, 80 (20%) at home and 55 (14%) in nursing homes. Health-related quality of life was prospectively recorded using the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire. Death in nursing

Popular Abstract in Swedish Inledningen till avhandlingens första kapitel tar avstamp i en diskussion om normativa (hur man bör göra) och deskriptiva (hur man faktiskt går tillväga) förhandlingsteorier. Normativa teorier bygger på antaganden om att människor kan och vet i stort sett allting och de ger råd om hur man bör göra. De deskriptiva förhandlingsteorierna försöker förklara hur människor fakScholars within the Process school assume that cognitive and motivational aspects within the decision and integration processes may systematically effect the outcome of mergers and acquisitions. More specifically, it has been suggested that decision makers use heuristics for simplifying information processing which may introduce bias. The main aim of the present thesis is to add to the understandi

Some of the compounds used for density gradient separation of blood cells have high osmolarities at the concentrations needed to create the required specific densities. Several mixed media use a combination of hyperosmolar shrinkage and red cell aggregation to improve cell separation. Due to the characteristics of Percoll density gradient medium the density and osmolarity of the gradient can be co

The article is based on the string-hypothesis, which has important scientific consequences. Science has meant to associate the notion of number with the strict operation of counting. However, recent account of string-theoretical approaches is sharply distinguishing ”number” from ”magnitude”. In studying ”spinning” strings in the context of language, it is shown that rotation is a valid concept. Fo