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In this analytical chapter we focus on human factors to shed light on what a 21st-century project might look like from within. Adopting a non-essentialist perspective to project-making, we at the same time acknowledge that the notion of human nature is blurred, dynamic, changeable, heterogeneous, and internally riven. The human condition, hence, always dictates what ontological position a project
The management of construction tolerances is a necessary and routine part of the construction activity and is normally brought to our attention only when failures are reported. In a study of tolerance management, the authors found widespread evidence of the same failures and the reasons for them. There seems to be no shortage of experience of the effects of failures in tolerances or of knowledge a
Three kinds of light emission are taking place from organisms: bioluminescence in a narrow sense from some animals, dinoflagellatees, fungi and bacteria; delayed light emission from photosynthetic cells; ultraweak light emission from all kinds of cells. All these phenomena are treated in this chapter.
The Fenna-Matthews-Olson (FMO) photosynthetic complex found in green sulfur bacteria has over the last decades been one of the favorite "model" systems for biological energy transfer. However, even after 40 years of studies, quantitative knowledge about its energy-transfer properties is limited. Here, two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy with full polarization control is used to provide an accu
Background: Obesity is a growing health issue. This study estimated the costs of obesity among people aged 25–84 years in Sweden using disease and non-disease specific attributable fractions from published data. A prognosis of costs of obesity in 2030 is presented. Methods and materials: Diseases related to obesity and their respective risks and population attributable fraction were retrieved by l
The chapter focuses on the notion of critical evaluation of information, which is an important part of media and information literacy (MIL). The concepts frictions of relevance and infrastructural meaningmaking are introduced to shed light on the information infrastructure’s significance for MIL in today’s digital media ecology. Furthermore, the chapter discusses some of the limitations inherent i
Recent large-scale genetic studies have allowed for the first glimpse of the effects of common genetic variability in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), identifying risk variants with appreciable effect sizes. However, it is currently well established that a substantial portion of the genetic heritable component of complex traits is not captured by genome-wide significant SNPs. To overcome this issu
In order to understand the nature of the relationship between cerebral blood flow (CBF) and primary headaches, we have conducted a literature review with particular emphasis on the role of perivascular neurotransmitters. Primary headaches are in general considered complex polygenic disorders (genetic and environmental influence) with pathophysiological neurovascular alterations. Identified candida
INTRODUCTION: Previous gene expression analysis have identified fetal hemoglobin (HbF) as a plausible etiological factor in preeclampsia. Free hemoglobin and its degradation products, e.g. heme, are known to cause oxidative stress, tissue damage, and vaso-constriction, typical findings in preeclampsia.OBJECTIVE: To study alpha-1-microglobulin (A1M), an endogenous radical scavenger and heme-binder,
Many risks addressed in land use planning, such as flooding and accidents involving hazardous materials, have widely different characteristics which makes them difficult to compare. Yet, these risks sometimes need to be considered together in order to support decision-making. Furthermore, risks can sometimes affect each other, which differentiate the land use planning context from situations where
The origin behind the dipolar order in molecular fluids is investigated by using a simple dipolar fluid and Monte Carlo simulation technique. A penalty function is employed to separately manipulate the positional and orientational structure of the fluid. By considering the distance-dependent Kirkwood function G (k), which in turn is related to the dielectric permittivity of the fluid, it is observ
Senare forskning kring fysisk aktivitet och träning visar en klar bild av dess positiva effekter på såväl kropp som sinne. Trots detta är en stor del av befolkningen fast i en stillasittande vardag. Denna studie har undersökt faktorer som ligger bakom ens motivation att träna. Denna uppsats har med hjälp av Expectancy-Value-teorin undersökt vilka träningsrelaterade mål som urvalet värderar högt ocRecent research on physical activity and exercise reveals a clear picture of its positive effects on both body and mind. Despite this, a large part of the population is stuck in a sedentary lifestyle. This study has examined factors behind one’s motivation to exercise. By using the Expectancy-Value Theory we’ve examined which exercise-related goals people value most, and to what degree they think
Idrottens rättsliga ställning inom EU och hur EU-rättsliga regler ska appliceras på idrottens område är en fråga som debatterats flitigt i samband med idrottens ökade ekonomiska betydelse. Detta illustreras främst genom fotbollen som har kommit att växa till en mångmiljard industri som engagerar tusentals människor runt om i Europa. I samband med den professionella fotbollens ekonomiska tillväxt hSport's legal status in the EU and how EU law should be applied in sports is an issue that has been debated extensively in connection with the sport growing economic importance. This is illustrated primarily by the footballing market that has come to grow into a multi-billion dollar industry involving thousands of people around Europe. In connection with the professional football's economi
The democratic peace theory explains why liberal democratic states do not engage in war with one another. According to Michael Doyle, the theory rests on three pillars, which together explain the democratic peace - whereas one of which pillars is of interest for this thesis. The cosmopolitan pillar is concerned with the “spirit of commerce”, that is, international trade and economic interdependenc
Artikel 1(1) i FN-stadgan ger uttryck för FN:s grundläggande syfte, att bevara den internationella fred- och säkerheten. Vidare föreskriver artikel 2(4) FN-stadgan att alla medlemsstater ska avhålla sig från bruk av, eller hot om, mellanstatligt våld. Dessa regleringar kompletteras av att stater enligt folkrätten tilldelas en omfattande suveränitet. Som utgångspunkt är stater således förbjudna attArticle 1(1) of the Charter of the United Nations states the main purpose of the United Nations, which is to maintain international peace and security. To achieve the purposes laid out in the Charter all states shall, according to article 2(4) of the Charter, refrain from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state, or in any other manner inc
Arbetets syfte är att belysa hur en effektiv överlämning av stora projekt från entreprenad till drift och underhåll går till. Syftet är också att undersöka vilka nyckelfaktorer som skapar framgång och motgång i denna fas av projektet Frågeställning i studien är: Hur görs en effektiv överlämning av ett stort projekt? Vilka faktorer skapar framgång tillika motgång för projektets överlämning? Varför The purpose of the study is to illustrate how a efficient handover is done in mega project between the constructional and operational phases. Furthermore the purpose is the study what key factors lead to success and failure throughout the handover. The objective of the study is to answer the following questions: How is an efficient handover done? What factors lead to success and failure in mega pr
Fastän folkrätten ibland kallas den globala rättsordningen, betraktas dess olika discipliner ofta enskilt. Det är därför intressant att undersöka förhållandena mellan disciplinerna, eftersom det är svårt att hävda att folkrätten är ett enskilt rättsområde om de är alltför avlägsna varandra. Syftet med detta examensarbete är därför att ge ett exempel som grund för framtida diskussioner om de inbördAlthough public international law is sometimes referred to as the global legal order, its various disciplines are often considered in isolation. It is therefore interesting to investigate the relationships between the disciplines, because if they are too distant, it may be hard to claim that public international law is a single legal order. The purpose of this thesis is therefore to provide an exa
The term Worst Credible Process Fire (WCPF) was introduced to the Norwegian Petroleum Industry as a complement to the probabilistic approach to define design loads for offshore facilities. Currently there are mainly two documents about the WCPF being the SINTEF report (2017) and the definition in NORSOK S-001 (2018). The WCPF concept have only been used within the industry for a few years and comb
