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Background: Different molecular subtypes of breast cancer have been identified based on gene expression profiling. Treatment suggestions based on an approximation of these subtypes by immunohistochemical criteria have been published by the St Gallen international expert consensus panel. Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) can be classified into the same molecular subtypes. Our aim was to study the rel
Objectives To determine the prevalence of HIV and related behavioural risks among Iranian female sex workers (FSW) via the first national biobehavioural surveillance survey. Methods In 2010, 1005 FSW were approached and 872 recruited using facility-based sampling from 21 sites in 14 cities in Iran. We collected dried blood samples and conducted face-to-face interviews using a standardised question
Background: The use of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) blocking agents in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is increasing, and the SSATG register has followed patients with PsA for more than 5 years. The aim of the present work therefore was to present efficacy and tolerability data of TNF-blocking agents on PsA in clinical practice, and to study potential predictors for drug survival (the length of time a p
A recent population-based, longitudinal study from Finland observed a dose-response association between smoking during pregnancy (SDP) and use of psychotropic medications in exposed children and young adults. However, this association may be confounded by unmeasured familial characteristics related to both SDP and offspring mental health. Consequently, we aim to investigate the effect of SDP by me
Purpose: To increase the understanding of storytelling in the realm of social entrepreneurship, and to highlight how storytelling is used in social entrepreneurial resource acquisition. Methodology: With an interpretivist and objectivist stance qualitative interview material has been collected from 9 respondents. Analysis and conclusions are based on an iterative interpretation of primary intervie
The informal sector is often seen as one sector with the potentials to transform the economies of developing countries if well harnessed. This is particularly true in the case of Nigeria where the informal sector creates employment opportunity for a large number of the labor force compared to the formal sector economy. However, it is also pertinent to bear in mind that the informal sector is often
The impact of plastic on the environment has been acknowledged on different levels, among others various NGOs around the world. These NGOs are known to aim for a reduction of plastic ending up in nature and more specifically the ocean. Plastic has been instrumental to the development of modern societies since the 1950s as the properties of the material enables it to be used for various purposes. T
Purpose: The Swedish primary education consists of public and private schools, where a comprehensive voucher system surrounds them. The different types of organizations present the debate of whether the different school management objectives, create an advantage over the other. Henceforth, principals are responsible to implement such management of the schools. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis
Present uncertainties in key ventilation parameters, characterising the fire performance of facades, has necessitated clarification in the foundational understanding of the Fire Science Body of Knowledge. A test program conducted in collaboration between Lunds Universitet and the Kingspan Group, studied the influence of cavity widths and lateral ventilation conditions on the fire behaviour within
Bolivia has experienced a drastic decline in inequality and poverty since 2000. It coincided with the administrative period of Evo Morales between 2006 and 2019. Hence, it is debated whether poverty reduction was mainly driven by economic growth alongside the commodity boom in the 2000s or by policy implementations during Morales’s presidency. This study addresses the research question: “How and w
The Covid-19 pandemic is one of the deadliest in modern history. Vaccines are currently the primary resource used for stopping the pandemic and minimizing harm. Yet despite scientific literature demonstrating the inefficiency of inequitable vaccine distribution, richer countries have historically and are currently procuring disproportionate amounts of vaccines; causing higher mortality rates, decr
The thesis aims to explain the American automaker’s drastic shift in opinion regarding Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE)-standards. After years of lobbying for weaker standards, the automakers suddenly dropped their support for President Trump’s deregulatory attempts and sided with California, the state Trump had an ongoing legal fight with over fuel economy regulation. The thesis intends
There are many policy areas where the different governmental bodies need to work together to provide a service. Healthcare for elders in Sweden is one example where the region and municipality need to coordinate. The collaboration of eldercare has been criticised over the years for not living up to the set standards. The responsible authority for eldercare has changed a number of times since its i
In 1994 Rwanda experienced a genocide that took an estimated 800.000 lives in the course of 100 days. This essay takes the form of a case study that examines Rwanda’s transitional justice process that followed and its abilities to create a gender-just peace. The study is based on a theoretical framework that links a feminist reading of transitional justice and gender-just peace together with gende
This thesis looks at labour market mechanisms for 13 advanced countries and narrows down the focus to the Swedish labour market during the Covid-19 crisis. We concluded that short term unemployment benefits are correlated with a decrease in the unemployment rate while trade union density and public unemployment spending for a longer period is correlated with an increased unemployment rate. The the
The contribution of greenhouse gas emissions in the production of construction materials has sparked a new interest and recent changes in building regulations regarding the use of renewables like wood as the main component in load-bearing elements. Recent regulation changes focus on allowing taller timber structures which bides the question of how to adequately maintain an acceptable level of f
Denna reflekterande del av min konstnärliga kandidatexamen började med en nyfikenhet av mina rörelser vid pianot. Jag ville reflektera över hur jag själv uppfattar mina egna rörelser, och varför jag rör mig hur jag gör, och även vilket syfte dessa rörelser har utöver de tekniska krav som musiken ställer på min kropp. Jag valde tre olika videos av framträdande, en live-konsert, en live-streamad konThis reflective part of my Bachelor’s degree started with an increased curiosity into how I move my body whilst at the piano. I wanted to reflect on how I perceive my own movements, on why I move like I do, and what purpose these movements may have beyond the way I need to move to handle any technical difficulties. I chose three different videos of performances, one live concert, one live streamed
Strict deportation policies have emerged as an increasingly popular way for more developed countries to tackle the issue of irregular migration. Estimations tell us that more that 3 million Afghan refugees will be deported in 2017 and it is argued that such massive returns to Afghanistan, despite the ongoing and escalated conflict, will risk contributing to severe human right violations as well as
Denna studie syftade till att undersöka ett urval av svenska vuxna med självrapporterad ADHD på följande punkter: 1) utbildningsnivå och anställningsgrad i relation till svensk befolkning, 2) om de blivit erbjudna stöd på sin arbetsplats eller i sin studiesituation för sin ADHD, 3) om denna typ av stöd var relaterat till självrapporterad Quality of Life (QoL), nöjdhet med arbetsroll, allmän hälsa The current study aimed to survey a sample of Swedish adults with self-reported ADHD and to explore: 1) how level of education and employment status relate to the general population, 2) whether they had been offered supports from their workplace or place of education for their ADHD, 3) whether such supports were related to their self-reported QoL, job satisfaction, general mental health and work i
Title: Being damned if you do and damned if you don’t - a qualitative study about the life situation of Romanian women who beg in the streets of Malmö. Background: Health is unevenly distributed within and among the countries of the world, and usually follows a population’s socio-economic status. The lower this is, in comparison to others’, the poorer the health. Romania is one of the poorest cou
