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There are two matters, which have important impacts on development of the international intellectual property rights (IPRs). The first is the significant economic importance of the IPRs and its large share in international trade and the second is the protection of IPRs especially in developing and importing countries. More than two thirds of the WTO members are developing countries (DCs) and they

The purpose of this work was to scrutinize and investigate how collective marks can help protect works of Guatemalan artisans' small businesses in the local and international market by promoting them as an organization-association or cooperative. The first chapter contains the introduction of this paper. It is composed by the background of the work, the objective, delimitations, method and out

It is frustrating for every reasonable human being to observe scenes of exploitation around the world in respect of children, because of their either naivety or vulnerability. It is unacceptable that still in the 21st century, children do not benefit from the protection, attention and love they deserve. An estimated 300 million children worldwide are subject to violence, exploitation and abuse inc

Environmental Assessment is an assessment of the likely effects a project might have on the environment. The purpose of the assessment is to ensure that decision-makers consider environmental impacts before deciding whether to grant permission to new projects. The method originated in the United States in the 1960s and it can be defined as the process of identifying, predicting, evaluating and mit

Leafmines found on Genista berberidea Lange in northern Portugal led to the discovery of two new species: Phyllonorycter berberidella Nunes, Laštůvka & Laštůvka sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) and Achrysocharoides genistae Hansson sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). The moth is described based on specimens reared from the host plant, and the wasp from individuals that emerged from the m

The thesis examines the truth and reconciliation commission in South Africa and its possibilities to act as a vehicle in the process of consolidating democracy. The norms and values that can be found in the principles and practices of the commission are scrutinized, and the means of presenting this norms to the public is also looked into. The issue of how to deal with the human rights violations o

This thesis analyses the political implications of core traditional humanitarian principles of neutrality, impartiality and independence. With the end of the cold war the phenomena of ?new conflicts? have largely replaced traditional inter-state wars, hence the context of humanitarian emergency situations are no longer the same. Based on case studies of two humanitarian emergency relief operations

This project was conducted as a phenomenological study, focusing on organizational culture connected to communication, of the collaboration between the academic world and small private companies. The purposes were to get a deeper understanding of culture and communication and to use phenomenology as a research approach, to see what it can contribute with. Data collection was obtained by an intern

Following the Bosman verdict from the ECJ in 1995, FIFA, the governing body of football, had to change its rules for the status and transfer of players to bring them in line with EC law. With the threat of an outright prohibition decision against the international transfer system under the EC Competition rules, FIFA reached an agreement with the Commission, in March 2001, on the principles for the

In this text the author attempts to extract the criteria for establishing ''overall control'' as described by the Appeals Chamber of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia in the case against Dusko Tadic. This test was formulated by the ICTY Appeals Chamber in an effort to qualify the relationship between the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and the army of the

The European Union is a secular entity. In the debate surrounding the Constitutional Treaty, strong voices were raised demanding a reference to the 'Christian heritage' of Europe. This never happened, instead, the preamble of the Lisbon Treaty accentuates that the Union is ''[d]rawing inspiration from the cultural, religious and humanist inheritance of Europe.'' The latter

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Background: The People’s Republic of China is one of the world’s largest countries, whose approximately 1.3 billion citizens make it the most populous nation state on Earth. It is also one of the world’s most powerful and booming economies, and biggest polluters. As such, the PRC’s actions aimed at continuing industrialization and urbanisation play a key role for future ecological development all

This thesis addresses the new policy reform for the establishment of newly arrived refugees in Sweden from a welfare policy perspective. The establishment reform aims to further integration of newly arrived refugees into Swedish society by transferring responsibility from local municipalities to the Public Employment Service and by introducing a private actor in the process. In the thesis I analys

The purpose of this study was to develop an understanding of the individual and gendered experiences among young girls and boys who have migrated independently to the city of Kumasi in Ghana in search of work and better life opportunities. The research questions relate to their experiences of opportunities and constraints at destination; self-protection strategies that they employ to minimize nega

The Internet poses new challenges to the legal world. One of those challenges is the sale of someone else’s trademark as a keyword in different referencing service programs on the Internet. This issue has, in the recent years become an important topic and a much-litigated issue. The referencing service providers earn big profits on their referencing service programs and the biggest provider for a

This is a comparison between the different loves expressed in the two novels. The loves are those expressed between the woman and the two men, in the Twilight Saga it is the love between the girl and the human on one side and the other it is the love between the girl and the werewolf and the loves in that book is compared to the loves in Jane Eyre, the one between Jane and her true love Rochester

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Treatment of cancer with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) entails a risk of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Data on the treatment of immune-related enterocolitis (irEC) in patients with inadequate symptom control after treatment with standard therapy including corticosteroids, infliximab, and vedolizumab are scarce. Based on limited data, recommendations include t

Could an even larger push for women empowerment be a viable development strategy for developing countries? A large literature relates the bargaining power of women to improved health and education of their children (Majlesi, 2015; Qian, 2008; Bobonis, 2009; Duflo, 2003; Lundberg, Pollak and Wales, 1997). However, it remains a challenge to find a good proxy for bargaining power that truly reflects