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During the last two decades, corporate ESG practices have garnered significant attention from the global community. The development of responsible business practices in association with sustainability and the integration of stakeholders has become an important topic for firms reputation, their debt financing cost and long-term success. Drawing upon the stakeholder theory, where a firm's succes
Durable and robust product development is crucial for fulfilling customer expectations and ensuring satisfaction. In this context, thorough testing plays an essential role in identifying and addressing potential defects before products reach the final customer. IKEA, with its worldwide presence, aims to enhance its understanding of humidity's impact on kitchen fronts, one of the main product a
This thesis explores the Point-in-Time (PIT) in probability of default (PD) models, focusing on evaluating the degree of PIT-ness. Unlike previous studies that developed new measures for PIT characteristics, this research compares existing measures and frameworks to identify unique challenges and opportunities. By analyzing and testing existing measures for 1-year PD models, the study offers new i
Title: Spheres of Influence - Exploring the impact of different ownership structures on the cost of debt. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate whether sphere ownership influences the cost of debt for Swedish firms, and if the effect can be explained by different types of sphere ownership, such as family, institutional, or bank-affiliated spheres. Methodology: To investigate the r
Moving towards an ecologically sound society requires strong support from higher educational institutions. During the past decade, the Journal of Cleaner Production has published more than 150 articles that have highlighted advances in academic efforts on sustainability in higher education, that were focused upon education, research, outreach and greening of campus operations in universities from
Translating new findings in the laboratory into therapies for patients is a slow and expensive process. The development of therapies for neurodegenerative diseases is further complicated by the difficulty in determining whether the drug truly retards the slow degenerative process or provides only symptomatic benefit. In this issue, Aviles-Olmos et al. describe a first in Parkinson's disease (PD) p
Imaging is an integral part of an aortic program. Careful preoperative planning is essential to successful evaluation and treatment of aortic pathology. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is the dominant modality for such preoperative planning. The use of a dedicated workstation for 3D postprocessing is very favorable and is considered mandatory when treating complex aortic pathology. Intraoper
The cepstrum of a random process is useful in many applications. The cepstrum is usually estimated from the periodogram. To reduce the mean square error (MSE) of the estimator, the periodogram may be smoothed with a kernel function. We present an explicit expression for a kernel function which is approximatively MSE optimal for cepstrum estimation. A penalty term has to be added to the minimizatio
High-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of two-dimensional films of adenine on a highly oriented pyrolitic graphite [0 0 0 1] surface reveal bonding changes induced by exposure to water. The hydrogen-bond interactions between adenine molecules were replaced by adenine-water hydrogen bonds in a stepwise pattern. This reaction destroyed the film network and changed the chemical state of the
This paper analyzes the effects of the interaction between technology adoption and incomplete enforcement on the extent of violations and the rate of abatement technology adoption. We focus on price-based and quantity-based emission regulations. First, we show that in contrast to uniform taxes, under tradable emissions permits (TEPs), the fall in permit price produced by technology adoption reduce
Background Endometrial adenocarcinoma (womb cancer) is a malignant growth of the lining (endometrium) of the womb (uterus). It is distinct from sarcomas (tumours of the uterine muscle). Survival depends the risk of microscopic metastases after surgery. Adjuvant (postoperative) chemotherapy improves survival from some other adenocarcinomas, and there is evidence that endometrial cancer is sensitive
We consider the implications of a model for long-duration gamma-ray bursts in which the progenitor is spun up in a close binary by tidal interactions with a massive black-hole companion. We investigate a sample of such binaries produced by a binary population synthesis, and show that the model predicts several common features in the accretion on to the newly formed black hole. In all cases, the ac
