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Mutations in pancreatic duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX-1) can cause a monogenic form of diabetes (maturity onset diabetes of the young 4) in humans, and silencing Pdx-1 in pancreatic β-cells of mice causes diabetes. However, it is not established whether epigenetic alterations of PDX-1 influence type 2 diabetes (T2D) in humans. Here we analyzed mRNA expression and DNA methylation of PDX-1 in human pancr

Popular Abstract in Swedish Mikroorganismer finns överallt! De klarar av att överleva i extrema miljöer, extrema pH, extrema temperaturer och kan motstå strålning och gift i doser som vi inte skulle överleva. Framförallt klarar mikroorganismer av att överleva i en specifik extrem miljö - människan. Hundratals olika mikroorganismer bor på och i oss, i ett antal som långt överskrider vårt eget cellaMicroorganisms are everywhere! They can tolerate many diverse extreme environments, such as the human body. Even though many of us might associate the word microorganism with infections and disease, most are actually either harmless or even beneficial for us. Those commensals often fight off more dangerous bacteria and might also directly benefit their host. The human skin harbors several differen

A consensus protocol for treatment of distal radius fractures (DRF) has been developed to aid clinicians in treatment decision making. The protocol was evaluated in Paper I using a validated subjective outcome instrument, DASH in 518 consecutive patients. A good final subjective result was achieved with the proposed protocol, regardless of initial severity with a low median DASH score in all group

Plant species beta diversity is influenced by spatial heterogeneity in the environment. This heterogeneity can potentially be characterised with the help of remote sensing. We used WorldView-2 satellite data acquired over semi-natural grasslands on The Baltic island of Öland (Sweden) to examine whether dissimilarities in remote sensing response were related to fine-scale, between-plot dissimilarit

Resolving fungal and bacterial groups within the microbial decomposer community is thought to capture disparate life strategies for soil microbial decomposers, associating bacteria with an r-selected strategy for carbon (C) and nutrient use, and fungi with a K-selected strategy. Additionally, food-web model-based work has established a widely held belief that the bacterial decomposer pathway in so

Background: Systemic amyloidosis (SSA) is a common form of amyloidosis but it remains often unnoticed because of the slow progression in old patients. The cause for SSA is the accumulation of wild-type transthyretin amyloids in critical tissues. We provide here data showing that SSA may be associated with old-age non-Hodgkin lymphoma.Systemic amyloidoses include immunoglobulin light chain (AL) amy

Popular Abstract in Swedish Att bär är nyttigt är ett påstående som de flesta känner igen. På butikshyllorna trängs våra nordiska bär med exotiska ”superbär” som utlovar att göra oss friska. Men vilka hälsoeffekter kan egentligen uppnås genom att äta bär? Är vissa bär mer nyttiga än andra? Forskningsresultaten som presenteras i denna avhandling visar att lingon, svarta vinbär och blåbär kan motverThe increasing prevalence of obesity is a worldwide health problem closely linked to diet and lifestyle factors. Obesity is associated with increased risk of several metabolic disorders including insulin resistance, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes. Hence, there is a great need to identify dietary strategies for the prevention of obesity and related diseases. This thesis invest

Stem cells have qualities that clearly distinguish them from all other cells. Capabilities like self-renewal, differentiation and migration make them truly powerful. This thesis deals with different aspects of stem/progenitor cells in relation to cancer. Certain types of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) have been shown to possess a potential of tracking glioma cells in the brain. This makes them pot

In practice, the catchment hydrologist is often confronted with the task of predicting discharge without having the needed records for calibration. Here, we report the discharge predictions of 10 modellers - using the model of their choice - for the man-made Chicken Creek catchment (6 ha, northeast Germany, Gerwin et al., 2009b) and we analyse how well they improved their prediction in three steps

PURPOSE. To study the possible involvement of the rod (SLC24A1) and cone (SLC24A2) Na-Ca+K exchanger (NCKX) genes in retinal diseases. METHODS. DNA was collected from unrelated patients with retinal disease, mainly from North America. A human genomic library was screened with the cone NCKX cDNA, and hybridizing clones were sequenced to determine the genomic organization of the SLC24A2 gene. The si

The early Middle Ages saw the formation of the three Nordic kingdoms of Sweden, Norway and Denmark, and at that time the area studied here constituted a border region between them. During the same period the Church was very active in the area: a bishopric was established and a large number of churches were built. This makes the area a particularly interesting one to study from the point of view of

Background: Insulin is a therapeutic protein that is widely used for the treatment of diabetes. Its biological function was discovered more than 80 years ago and it has since then been characterized extensively. Crystallization of the insulin molecule has always been a key activity since the protein is often administered by subcutaneous injections of crystalline insulin formulations. Over the year

Pollination by bees is important for food production. Recent concerns about the declines of both domestic and wild bees, calls for measures to promote wild pollinator populations in farmland. However, to be able to efficiently promote and prioritize between measures that benefit pollinators, such as modified land use, agri-environment schemes, or specific conservation measures, it is important to

Popular Abstract in Swedish Typ 1-diabetes är en allvarlig, autoimmun, sjukdom och Sverige har världens näst högsta antal nya insjuknanden. Varje år diagnostiseras ca 700 individer i Sverige med sjukdomen som kan debutera i alla åldrar. Senare studier tyder dock på att barn med typ 1-diabetes blir allt yngre. Vi vet idag att ärftligheten är kopplad till en specifik gen vilket förklarar ca 30-50% aObjective The primary aim of this thesis was to test whether gestational exposure to environmental factors may induce islet autoimmunity. The second aim was to determine to what extent the exposure to viruses or other environmental factors is a risk factor for type 1 diabetes in the offspring. As children with type 1 diabetes have a higher risk of developing celiac disease (CD), an additional aim

In order to develop new pharmaceuticals, to optimize pharmacotherapy and secure patient safety, documentation of the properties of pharmaceutical formulations is a most important process. A significant practical problem associated with pre-clinical evaluation of lipophilic substances with pharmacological properties is their low aqueous solubility. The overall aim of this thesis was to develop te

Unemployment and precarity have become key features of 21st century work. Employability is presented as a solution to these issues. Individuals are exhorted to manage their employability, in order to be able to exercise choice in the labour market. While employability is individualsʼ responsibility, governments, employers and educational bodies simply provide opportunities for its development. Hig