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The construction, operation and maintenance of transportation infrastructure require energy and materials which impact the environment. Large infrastructure projects thus use resources intensively and leave a significant environmental footprint. To demonstrate and support the sustainability of such large-scale projects, life cycle assessment (LCA) has become a common tool to evaluate environmental

Background: Adolescent pregnancy and associated neonatal mortality are major global health challenges. In low-income settings where 90% of the 21 million global adolescent pregnancies occur, half are unintended and a fifth experience unsafe abortion. In Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania, the survival patterns of neonates born to adolescents are unclear.Objectives: To assess survival patterns among neona

BACKGROUND: Lead exposure has been associated with increased incidence of adverse clinical cardiovascular outcomes. Atherosclerosis has been suggested as one of the underlying mechanisms, and findings from experimental studies support this, but human data are scarce. OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to determine the association between environmental lead exposure based on blood lead (B-Pb) concentrat

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) booster doses decrease infection transmission and disease severity. This study aimed to assess the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine booster doses in low, middle, and high-income countries of the East Mediterranean Region (EMR) and its determinants using the health belief model (HBM). In addition, we aimed to identify the causes of booster dose rejection and the main so

BACKGROUND: Many clinical trials have evaluated the benefit of long-term use of antiplatelet drugs in reducing the risk of clinical thrombotic events. Aspirin and ticlopidine have been shown to be effective, but both have potentially serious adverse effects. Clopidogrel, a new thienopyridine derivative similar to ticlopidine, is an inhibitor of platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate

Background: It has been shown that individuals with obesity have a higher risk for chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, it is unclear which measure of obesity is most useful for prediction of CKD in the general population. The aim of this large prospective study was to explore the association between several anthropometric measures of obesity, i. e., body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (W

Tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) are key cells in creating an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). In general, presence of TAMs is associated with worse outcome in cancer patients. Macrophages with anti-tumor effect can be found in the TME but are usually in minority. This thesis focuses on the role of innate immune cells, and especially macrophages, in breast cancer. In the first pr

Objective: To describe the clinical and ultrasound characteristics of three types of rare malignant ovarian germ cell tumor: embryonal carcinoma, non-gestational choriocarcinoma and malignant mixed germ cell tumor. Methods: This was a retrospective multicenter study. From the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) database, we identified patients with a histological diagnosis of ovarian embry

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients have limited effect from T-cell-based therapies, such as PD-1 and CTLA-4 blockade. However, recent data indicate that AML patients with TP53 mutation have higher immune infiltration and other immunomodulatory therapies could thus potentially be effective. Here, we performed the transcriptional analysis of distinct T-cell subpopulations from TP53-mu

BackgroundThere is a need for a measure that can be used across countries and cultures to advance cross-cultural research about internalizing mental health symptoms in children and adolescents. The Revised Children's Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS) is a potential candidate, but no study has examined whether its scales are measured similarly in youth populations from different countries.Method

The building and construction industry is responsible for around 40% of global greenhouse gas emissions, driving the urgent need for new regulations. As such, the life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology has become fundamental for evaluating environmental impacts. Despite the need for digital tools to support environmental performance evaluations, the lack of guidance on developing such tools hindeThe building and construction industry is responsible for around 40% of global greenhouse gas emissions, driving the urgent need for new regulations. As such, the life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology has become fundamental for evaluating environmental impacts. Despite the need for digital tools to support environmental performance evaluations, the lack of guidance on developing such tools hinde

This essay investigates how a musician's background influences their interpretation of Hungarian cello music, focusing on the Sonata for Solo Cello by György Ligeti and the Duo for Violin and Cello by Zoltán Kodály. Exploring the connection between nationality, musical upbringing, and interpretive choices, the essay delves into Hungarian folk music's influence on these compositions. It exa

A simple investigation about the noise of the acquisition cards NI PXI-4495, provided by National Instruments, was performed. Standard deviations were calculated for data acquired from a signal generator, a constant voltage source and when the input channels were grounded, to estimate the noise. The obtained noise is in the order of a few millivolts when acquiring signals from the devices while th

This thesis aims to explore the impact of population policy on women’s reproductive rights. I use one child policy, which has far-reaching repercussions on all Chinese women at childbearing age, as the case for this research. The following questions are asked: What is one child policy? What kinds of measures are used to lower fertility rate? What is the impact on women’s reproductive rights? I emp