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OBJECTIVE Gastrointestinal adverse effects occur in 20–30% of patients with metformin-treated type 2 diabetes, leading to premature discontinuation in 5–10% of the cases. Gastrointestinal intolerance may reflect localized high concentrations of metformin in the gut. We hypothesized that reduced transport of metformin via the plasma membrane monoamine transporter (PMAT) and organic cation transport
This thesis is concerned with spoken dialogue and the dynamic negotiation of meaning in English conversation. It serves two aims, one theoretical and the other practical. The theoretical aim is to further our understanding of the kinds of properties that influence the meaning of constructions in spoken dialogue and the role of underlying socio-cognitive processes. The practical aim is to compile a
Software products are rarely developed from scratch and vulnerabilities in such products might reside in parts that are either open source software or provided by another organization. Hence, the total cybersecurity of a product often depends on cooperation, explicit or implicit, between several organizations.We study the attitudes and practices of companies in software ecosystems towards sharing
Popular Abstract in Swedish Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning på svenska Abort är ett av de vanligaste kriurgiska ingreppen i Sverige. 1989 var aborttalet för hela landet 21.5 per 1000 kvinnor i åldern 15-24 år. Storstäderna Stockholm, Göteborg och Malmö har i många år haft det högsta aborttalen, vilka var för dessa 1989 28.4, 27.0 respektive 27.8. De aktuella studierna omfattar de 1466 kvinnorIn Sweden between 32-38,000 women annually elect to terminate pregnancy by means of induced abortion, though their reasons are still not well understood. The purpose of these studies, carried out at the Department of Obstetrics and gynecology and of Community Medicine at University Hospital, Malmö, was to elucidate the incidence of induced abortion in an urban population, with special emphasis on
This article aims to analyze the problems and possible solutions to the implementation of a basic sanitation infrastructure, especially the solid waste collection in poor class occupations in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. The manner in which the urban accesses are structured in the Favela of Heliopolis, with dimensions and configuration insufficient, do not allow access to motorized vehicles, lea
The aim of this study is to investigate whether the occurrence of lexical tones in a language imposes restrictions on its pitch range. Kammu, a Mon-Khmer language spoken in Northern Laos comprises dialects with and without lexical tones and with no other major phonological differences. We use Kammu spontaneous speech to investigate differences in pitch range in the two dialects. The main finding i
In a case study, comprising 1177 residential apartments with 3248 rooms, temperature registrations every 15th minute in all living-rooms and bedrooms, during one year, in the system for individual metering and billing of space heating costs, were analyzed. The apartments were divided into two categories, apartment blocks from 1960th and row houses from about 1990. Apartments mean temperatures and
Latency of available channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter in time-varying channels greatly affects the performance of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. We have derived a simple algorithm to calculate an approximation of the expected performance loss based on the most recent channel feedback. The proposed algorithm can be used to determine the maximum tolerable channel fe
The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of embryologic remnants in umbilical cords of different gestational ages. Sections from 392 umbilical cords were examined using light microscopy. Of these, 52% contained at least 1 remnant, most commonly of the allantoic duct type. Although there was a significant decrease in vitelline duct remnants over increasing gestational age, from 11% at we
We present the result of bat winter censuses in three old mines in southern Sweden from 1980 until present (2017). The Taberg and Kleva mines, each with about 1.5 km of accessible passages, have winter populations of 517 and 132 bats, respectively (maximum counts) belonging to six species, the highest numbers known in underground sites in Sweden. Ädelfors is less extensive and has fewer individual
Why do not academic teachers more frequently use results from education, psychology, cognitive sciences, and related fields while planning, carrying out, and evaluating teaching? It has been argued that if only they did, education would improve. It has further been argued that results from these fields are not communicated in ways suitable for teachers from other disciplines, and therefore there i
Background: Polyphosphates (PolyPs) have been reported to exert pro-inflammatory effects. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating PolyP-provoked tissue accumulation of leukocytes are not known. The aim of the present investigation was to determine the role of specific adhesion molecules in PolyP-mediated leukocyte recruitment. Methods: PolyPs and TNF-α were intrascrotally administered, and an
While treatment for testicular cancer (TC) has become standardized after the 1980s with an associated significant improvement in patient survival, this has been accompanied by an increased risk of second primary cancers (SPCs). Patients were identified from the Swedish Cancer Registry spanning the years from 1980 to 2015, including 8788 individuals with primary TC and their SPCs. Relative risks (R
