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Treatment of haemophilia is extremely costly due to the short biological half-life of infused factor and pricing issues. This paper examines the impact of different dosing schedules on factor consumption, via a review of literature on dosing regimens used for prophylaxis with a focus on pharmacokinetics (PK). Pharmacokinetics were found to have an important role for pharmacoeconomics in factor dos
We consider small systems of bosonic atoms rotating in a toroidal trap. Using the method of exact numerical diagonalization of the many-body Hamiltonian, we examine the transition from the Bose-Einstein condensed state to the Tonks-Girardeau state. The system supports persistent currents in a wide range between the two limits, even in the absence of Bose-Einstein condensation.
An arbitrary fixed convex set in ${\bf R}^2$ is considered as are two families of equally spaced parallel lines making angle $\alpha$ with each other. It is assumed that the inter-line distance in each family of parallel lines is greater than the maximum width of the convex set. A congruent copy of the convex set is placed randomly (centroid uniform in one particular parallelogram cell and orienta
Optimal migration theory predicts that birds minimizing the overall time of migration should adjust stopover duration with respect to the rate of fuel accumulation. Recent theoretical developments also take into account the wind situation and predict that there is a time window (a set of days) during which birds should depart when assisted by winds but will not do so if there are head winds. There
Migration is a widespread phenomenon in many ecosystems. Most often, studies on migration have focused on how migration strategies are dependent on ecological parameters, but little attention has been paid to the top-down effect of migration on ecosystem processes. Cyprinid fish in many European lakes undergo partial migration, where a part of the population leaves the lake and enters streams for
Coherent light sources have been widely used in control schemes that exploit quantum interference effects to direct the outcome of photochemical processes. The adaptive shaping of laser pulses is a particularly powerful tool in this context: experimental output as feedback in an iterative learning loop refines the applied laser field to render it best suited to constraints set by the experimenter.
Regional production and utilization of biomass in Sweden is analysed, considering the potential of replacing fossil fuels and producing new electricity. Extensive utilization of biomass will decrease biomass-transportation distances. The average distance for biomass transportation to a large-scale conversion plant suitable for electricity or methanol production will be 30–42 km when the conversion
It is argued that the vacancy-oxygen (VO) complex (A center) in Ge has three charge states: double negative, single negative, and neutral. Corresponding energy levels are located at E-c-0.21 eV (VO--/-) and E-v+0.27 eV (VO-/0). An absorption line at 716 cm(-1) has been assigned to the asymmetrical stretching vibration mode of the doubly negatively charged VO complex. (C) 2002 American Institute of
In the presence of the nonionic alkyloxyethylene surfactant n-dodecylpentaoxyethylene glycol ether (C12E5), the anionic conjugated polyelectrolyte (CPE) poly{1,4-phenylene-[9,9-bis(4-phenoxy-butylsulfonate)]fluorene-2,7-diyl} (PBS-PFP) dissolves in water, leading to a blue shift in fluorescence and dramatic increases in fluorescence quantum yields above the surfactant critical micelle concentratio
To provide for a high QoS in a cellular network, each call should be assigned to its preferred cell and priority given to already ongoing calls. Herein, a combined speed-sensitive layer selection method and dynamic guard channel scheme, called CLARR, for use in hierarchical networks, is introduced. To reduce the complexity, partially the same speed estimation and measurement procedures are applied
The study of creativity needs a theory of personality as its backbone. Several alternatives are reviewed. Psychoanalysis is deemed unserviceable because of its lack of an integrated theory of perception. A useful theory of personality should be process-oriented and avoid substance concepts like traits. It may still borrow a number of fruitful constructs from its predecessors. One such, often debat
We investigate how model populations respond to stochastic harvesting in a stochastic environment. In particular, we show that the effects of variable harvesting on the variance in population density and yield depend critically on the autocorrelation of environmental noise and on whether the endogenous dynamics of the population display over- or undercompensation to density. These factors interact
Abstract in UndeterminedEmpirical results show that frequently the meaning of expressions used by students in expressing their understanding of subject matter does not correspond to the meaning of those expressions in the subject matter theory that the students are expected to learn. There is also often a lack of identity of meaning between the same students' use of the same expression from one us
Purpose of review To discuss the rationale for various treatment strategies in rheumatoid arthritis with extra-articular manifestations, and to review advances in understanding the impact of extra-articular rheumatoid arthritis and its management. Recent findings Recent epidemiologic studies of extra-articular rheumatoid arthritis manifestations have emphasized their major role as predictors of pr
Theoretical and experimental results for the 2s(2) S-1(0)-2s2p P-3(1) intercombination line in beryllium-like ions are reviewed and revised, and some new data are presented. The uncertainty in the resulting transition rate is estimated, by using convergence of systematic calculations, accuracy of energy properties and theoretical tests, and is used to evaluate the accuracy of present and other cal
