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Apelin, a recently discovered peptide with wide tissue distribution, regulates feeding behavior, improves glucose utilization, and inhibits insulin secretion. We examined whether apelin is expressed in human islets, as well as in normal and type 2 diabetic (T2D) animal islets. Further, we studied islet apelin regulation and the effect of apelin on insulin secretion. Apelin expression and regulatio
Most complex diseases have well-established genetic and non-genetic risk factors. In some instances, these risk factors are likely to interact, whereby their joint effects convey a level of risk that is either significantly more or less than the sum of these risks. Characterizing these gene-environment interactions may help elucidate the biology of complex diseases, as well as to guide strategies
Deletion of the glycerol channel aquaporin-9 (Aqp9) reduces postprandial blood glucose levels in leptin receptor-deficient (db/db) obese mice on a C57BL/6 × C57BLKS mixed genetic background. Furthermore, shRNA-mediated reduction of Aqp9 expression reduces liver triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation in a diet-induced rat model of obesity. The aim of this study was to investigate metabolic effects of A
Weight loss improves insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in obese subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), but the long term dynamic effects on blood metabolites other than glucose during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), are largely unknown. Here, we studied changes in OGTT-elicited metabolite patterns in obese subjects during a diet-induced weight loss study.
Prisutvecklingen på skogsfastighetsmarknaden styrs av ett flertal olika faktorer. Den senaste tiden har köparnas incitament förändrats. Från att tidigare ha värderat god ekonomisk avkastning som viktigaste faktor vid förvärv har icke-monetära faktorer fått större inflytande. Avkastningsvärdering är den i särklass främst använda metoden vid värdering av skogsfastigheter då den ger en uppskattning aForest property prices depend on several factors such as rate, GDP and market demand. The prices are also affected by factors of individual properties. These are for instance size, timber volume and land consolidation. Yield valuation is the most common tool for valuation of forest properties. This method will often require an adjustment to adapt the prices according to the market. The discrepancy
I början av 2018 utbröt en debatt om kulturrådets utdelning av litteraturstöd i svenska dagstidningar. I samband med uttalanden från kulturminister Alice Bah Kuhnke menade vissa av bokmarknadens aktörer att litteraturstödet är utsatt för politisk styrning och att kvalitetskriteriet bortprioriteras. Uppsatsen undersöker de olika förväntningarna och föreställningarna som finns på litteraturstödet. J
This essay studies the Swedish law on dangerous asocial behaviour, lagen om åtgärder mot samhällsfarlig asocialitet (SFS 1964:450). The law was passed during a period of time in Swedish social political history characterized by a growing social state and a greater focus on individual rights than before. The stated purpose of the law was, among other things, to send problematic individuals, asocial
Background. In the past years, there has been a major shift towards the consumption of healthier, more sustainable, and more convenient food products. These trends have triggered a response from the food industry, instigating the reformulation of several products. The challenge is removing or replacing certain ingredients, without sacrificing certain elements such as taste, texture, or shelf-life.
“The code that guides the Path” Geosmin is a volatile metabolite that smells like the earthy odorant that is mostly predominant after a heavy rain fall; what produces this intensive surge of geosmin in the air is from the spore producing family streptomycetaceae. Not only do these bacteria produce a scent that most people find pleasant to smell, they also play a key role in modern society. Why th
In Lund, a club culture has been evolving among the city's university students, which has had a great importance on the university life. It is not uncommon for students to go out to a nightclub several times a week, particularly to Student Nations clubs. I have therefore chosen to investigate clubculture in Lund university, through participant observation and interviews. I have also decided to
This text is a comparative case study with focus on the two cases Hungary and Poland. The purpose with this study is to investigate which factors that affect the democratic backsliding in each country. The study also aims to answer which factors that affected Poland's attempt in 2023 to become more democratic. The analysis is based on two combined theories, Nancy Bermeos theory as well as Jame
Background: Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) is expressed predominantly in adipose tissue, where it plays an important role in catecholamine-stimulated hydrolysis of stored lipids, thus mobilizing fatty acids. HSL exhibits broad substrate specificity and besides acylglycerides it hydrolyzes cholesteryl esters, retinyl esters and lipoidal esters. Despite its role in fatty acid mobilization, HSL null
Accurate assessment of energy expenditure (EE) is important for the study of energy balance and metabolic disorders. Combined heart rate (HR) and acceleration (ACC) sensing may increase precision of physical activity EE (PAEE) which is the most variable component of total EE (TEE).
To examine the validity of the Recent Physical Activity Questionnaire (RPAQ) which assesses physical activity (PA) in 4 domains (leisure, work, commuting, home) during past month.
Background: Acetyl Coenzyme A carboxylase beta (ACACB) is the rate-limiting enzyme in fatty acid oxidation, and continuous fatty acid oxidation in Acacb knock-out mice increases insulin sensitivity. Systematic human studies have not been performed to evaluate whether ACACB variants regulate gene expression and insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle and adipose tissues. We sought to determine wheth
Fasting glucose and insulin are intermediate traits for type 2 diabetes. Here we explore the role of coding variation on these traits by analysis of variants on the HumanExome BeadChip in 60,564 non-diabetic individuals and in 16,491 T2D cases and 81,877 controls. We identify a novel association of a low-frequency nonsynonymous SNV in GLP1R (A316T; rs10305492; MAF=1.4%) with lower FG (β=-0.09±0.01
Context: Whether a healthy lifestyle may be associated with longer telomere length is largely unknown. Objectives: To examine healthy lifestyle practices, which are primary prevention measures against major age-related chronic diseases, in relation to leukocyte telomere length. Design and Setting: Cross-sectional analysis in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS). Participants: The population consisted of
OBJECTIVETo identify the clinical and genetic factors that explain why the rate of diabetes progression is highly variable between idividuals following diagnosis of type 2 diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSWe studied 5,250 patients with type 2 diabetes using comprehensive electronic medical records in Tayside, Scotland, from 1992 onward. We investigated the association of clinical, biochemical,
Objectives: To compare the oldest old (85 years and above) in pain with those with no pain across gender, regarding demographic data, living conditions, social network/support, walking/mobility problems, fatigue, sleeping problems, depressed mood and quality of life (QoL). The aim was also to test how these variables were related to QoL among the oldest old in pain. Methods: The study comprised 16
