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Abstract: Cognitively advanced animals are usually assumed to possess better self-control, or ability to decline immediate rewards in favour of delayed ones, than less cognitively advanced animals. It has been claimed that the best predictor of high such ability is absolute brain volume meaning that large-brained animals should perform better than small-brained ones. We tested self-control ability
In the predominantly Muslim context of Zanzibar, Pentecostal Christianity is slowly on the rise as a result of an influx of labor migrants from mainland Tanzania. A paramount feature in these churches is the provision of divine healing and deliverance from spiritual affliction. This article analyses how narratives of healing in one of Zanzibar's major Pentecostal churches, the City Christian Cente
The literature on innovation systems focuses on the supply side (the creation of technology) rather than on how innovations are converted into economic activity and growth via the market (the demand side, and the interface between supply and demand). One implication of this is that there is a dearth of research on the links between innovation systems and economic growth. The purpose of this paper
Background: Today people can live a long time with a chronic cancer diagnosis, and it affects the entire family. Family members to patients in palliative care often have to leave valued occupations due to lack of time and energy, while new roles are forced upon them, potentially affecting their health. Objective: To explore occupational balance, needs and roles among family members to persons in p
Aim: To determine if age is a factor influencing the type of breast cancer surgery (radical versus conservative) in Italy and to investigate the regional differences in breast cancer surgery clinical practice. Methods: Retrospective study is based on national hospital discharge records. The study draws on routinely collected data from hospital discharge records in Italy in 2010. The following excl
Objectives: Seasonal influenza represents a major threat to public health but vaccination campaigns are strongly recommended to reduce the risks of serious complications and mortality among community-dwelling elderly persons. We investigated on potential social predictors of influenza vaccination among older adults in Italy. Methods: Data analysis was based on the national survey "Health and use o
This review updates our knowledge on pressurised liquid extraction, PLE (also known as accelerated solvent extraction and pressurised fluid extraction) of persistent organic pollutants such as polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls from environmental matrices. The basic experimental set-up is presented, and parameters influencing the extraction process are discussed. PLE c
Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and poor mental health are two major public health concerns in Europe. Ethnicity is identified as a risk marker for both conditions. Middle-Eastern immigrants represent the largest group of non-European immigrants in Sweden and are at increased risk for T2D. In clinical trials, lifestyle interventions focusing on physical activity and healthy diet have been shown
Background: Kidney transplantation is considered a superior treatment for end-stage renal disease compared with dialysis although little is known about the wider effects, especially on labor market outcomes. The objective is to estimate the treatment effect of kidney transplantation compared with dialysis on labor market outcomes, controlling for the nonrandom selection into treatment. Methods: Th
BACKGROUND: Rare diseases have been continually outlined as one of the causes for the National Health Insurance Fund's (NHIF) deficit spending in Bulgaria.AIM: To estimate the budgetary impact of rare disease medicinal therapies from NHIF perspective for 2014 and 2016.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Budgetary impact of rare diseases is calculated as a percentage of NHIF total pharmaceutical spending. Total
This study examines the factors that shaped the long-term evolution of the ICT industry in Sweden, 1950-2013. Using a new historical microdatabase on actual innovation output, the driving forces and technological interdependencies in the third industrial revolution are chronicled. The results of this study support some stylized facts about technological interdependencies in general-purpose technol
Aims/hypothesis: It has been shown that children previously enrolled in follow-up studies have better glycaemic control during the early period after diabetes diagnosis. The aim of this study was to analyse glycaemic control over a longer period, past the period of partial remission, after diagnosis in children followed before diagnosis in the Swedish Diabetes Prediction in Skåne (DiPiS) study com
Engineering Aspects of Membrane Separation and Application in Food Processing presents an overview and introduction to a wide range of membrane processes, their unique characteristics and challenges. In the food industry, as in many industries, membranes have an environmental advantage over conventional processes that they displace, because they are less energy intensive. The processing at near-am
Vi har lyckan att leva i en föränderlig värld, och med förändringar följer variation. Den stora variationen i yttre egenskaper hos djur, och i synnerhet deras färger, fascinerar både forskare och lekmän. I den här avhandlingen utforskar jag flera aspekter på varför, och hur, färgvariation evolverar hos en karismatisk insektsgrupp. Dammflicksländor är färgglada, dagaktiva och visuellt drivna organiSexual conflict over mating shapes the interactions between males and females in many animals and is also responsible for dramatic adaptations in both sexes. In some species of pond damselflies (Odonata:Coeangrionidae), sexual conflict maintains discrete female-limited colour morphs over multiple generations and within populations. One of the female morphs is typically male-coloured and considered
Background: Intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) is associated with clinical challenges such as possible differences in response to treatment and difficulties in classifying the tumor. Previously, ITH has been described in bladder cancer using detailed genetic analyses. However, in this disease, it is not known to what extent ITH actually occurs, or if it involves molecular subtyping, when assessment
Background: Knowledge of the relationships between patient-reported and performance-based walking measures in Parkinson's disease (PD) should inform clinical decision-making. The Walk-12G reliably captures perceived walking difficulties but has not been compared to performance-based walking in laboratory or free-living settings or across different groups. Objectives: To investigate the relationshi
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major disease affecting nearly 280 million people worldwide. Whilst the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to disease are poorly understood, dysfunction of the insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cells is key event for disease development. Monitoring the gene expression profiles of pancreatic beta-cells under several genetic or chemical perturbations has shed
