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A new study has identified a large number of open chromatin regions harboring active regulatory elements in human pancreatic islets. A type 2 diabetes-associated SNP in TCF7L2 was found to be located in a region of allele-specific open chromatin and shows allele-specific enhancer activity, suggesting a potential mechanism for this disease association.
Popular Abstract in Swedish Rovdjur påverkar strukturen och artsammansättningen i de flesta system. Både genom att äta upp bytesdjur och genom att inducera olika typer av försvar hos bytesdjuret kan rovdjur påverka andra organismer i systemet. Att undvika att bli upptäckt, och därmed sannolikt uppäten, av ett rovdjur är grundläggande för fortlevnaden hos alla bytesdjur. Under utvecklingens gång haPredator released chemical cues provide a valuable source of information to prey organisms that can be used to alter their behaviour in order to reduce predation risk. In this thesis, I have examined under what circumstances chemical cues may be used by prey, and if prey discriminate between different cues. I have also investigated the role of predator experience in prey ability to detect and resp
The hunter-gatherer groups of Southeast Asia represent a diverse range of adaptations. The so-called Negritos of the Andaman Islands, the Malay Peninsula and the Philippines have attracted particular attention because of long-standing claims that they represent traces of pre-agricultural Southeast Asia. Research on Andaman and Philippine prehistory has tended to maintain at least some components o
The south-west Andean region of Bolivia has vast landscapes comprising salt deserts and dry lands interspersed with a number of saline lakes. Much of this region lies above 4000 m above sea level that allows the survival of limited and unique flora and fauna. This thesis involves studies on novel, moderately halophilic microorganisms isolated from this region. Strains LC1T and LC2 were isolated fr
Popular Abstract in Swedish I vår kropp står ämnesomsättningen för nedbrytning av mat till kemiska ämnen som är nödvändiga för vår energiförsörjning, kroppsuppbyggnad och fortplantning. Varje cell i varje organism tillverkar eller tar upp små molekyler, som de sedan sätter ihop till stora molekyler. Samtidigt som detta sker så bryter cellerna ner molekyler som har blivit tillverkade. Ur detta får There are two fundamentally different ways by which a metabolite can be transferred between enzymes in metabolic pathways. If the two sequential enzymes cannot form a complex with each other, the metabolite must first be released from the producing enzyme to the reaction medium and then be transported to the consuming enzyme, via the reaction medium, by free diffusion. If the two sequential enzyme
In order to accomplish oxidation of alkylaromatic compounds, both cations, which serve as adsorption centers, and oxygen species of suitable bond strength are needed. When compared to partial oxidation, relatively weakly bonded oxygen species are involved in combustion. On the basis of these criteria, using a simple model of the active ensemble, a relationship between reaction rate and bond streng
The growth of environmental consciousness during the recent decades has led to new ethical challenges. Environmental crises have brought to the fore the seldom acknowledged questions of what duties current generations owe towards future generations and what duties human beings owe towards natural entities. A new subdiscipline - environmental ethics - has emerged that especially focuses on these mo
The topic of this thesis is technology and experimental studies of electron transport in Indium Arsenide (InAs) nanowires and InAs nanowire junctions. The aim of this work has been fabrication of nanoelectronic devices which have possibilities for future nanoelectronics. The first chapter gives an introduction to modern electronics and some important concepts. The second chapter presents an overvi
Popular Abstract in Swedish Nätverk av nervtrådar påvisades kring koronara artärer och vener från marsvin och människa. Medelst immunhistokemiska metoder demonstrerades olika signalsubstanser i anknytning till dessa nervtrådar och i olika delar av kärlväggen (endotelet, media, adventitia), och det påvisades hur vissa av dessa substanser var lokaliserade i samma vesikler av ovan nämnda nervtrådar. A network of perivascular nerve fibres was demonstrated in coronary arteries and veins from guinea-pig and man. Nerve fibres displaying immunoreactivity to neuropeptide Y (NPY) had a distribution pattern similar to those containing immunoreactivity to tyrosine hydroxylase. Immunoreactivity to substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) occurred in the same varicose nerve fibres, which w
OBJECTIVE: 5-azacytidine (azacytidine), a DNA hypomethylating agent, was recently approved as the first therapeutic agent for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes. The present subcutaneous dosing schedule, 75 mg/m(2) for 7/28 days, is based on early clinical studies and may constitute a practical problem for patients. The present in vitro study aimed at evaluating the pharmacodynamics of aza
Human postural dynamics was investigated in twelve normal subjects by means of a force platform recording body sway induced by bipolar transmastoid galvanic stimulation of the vestibular nerve and labyrinth. We modeled the stabilizing forces actuated by the feet as resulting from complex muscular activity subject to feedback of body velocity and position. Time series analysis demonstrated that a t
By using three-photon excitation at 291.7 nm of the n $=$ 4 hydrogen level and observing Balmer-$\beta$ radiation at 486.1 nm, hydrogen atoms in an atmospheric C2H2/O2 flame have been detected. Other schemes for hydrogen detection were also tried, and the results are discussed.
