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Sulfonylureas and glinides have similar mechanisms of action but differ in receptor affinity and binding sites and in absorption and elimination rates. This promotes differences in potency, rate of onset, and duration of action. While prominent in single-dose studies, these differences have less importance during long-term sulfonylurea treatment: at ordinary dosages, rapid- and short-acting (glipi

Synaptotagmins (Syts) are involved in Ca2+-dependent insulin release. However, which Syt isoform is functional in primary beta-cells remains unknown. We demonstrate by electron microscopy of pancreatic islets, the association of Syt 9 with insulin granules. Silencing of Syt 9 by RNA interference adenovirus in islet cells had no effect on the expression of Syt 5, Syt 7 and Syt 3 isoforms. The latte

Dark-grown tigrina-d(12) mutants of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) accumulate abnormally high amounts of the chlorophyll intermediate protochlorophyllide. In light dark cycles this leads to necrotic segments of the seedling leaves and lethality due to photodynamic damage by the excessive protochlorophyllide accumulated in the dark period. Upon inhibition of the early chlorophyll biosynthetic enzyme,

We investigate in detail the effect of electron and light- and heavy-hole state mixing on the transmission coefficients and current-voltage characteristics of interband tunnelling broken-gap heterostructures in the presence of a quantizing magnetic field perpendicular to the interfaces. Double-barrier and barrierless resonant tunnelling structures made from InAs, A1Sb, and GaSb are considered. The

The use of the extracting syringe (ESy), a fully automated membrane-based extraction technique, for analysis of phthalate esters in complex aqueous samples has been investigated. The ESy, working as an autosampler that combines the extraction process and injection into the gas chromatograph (GC) in one single step, is placed on top of the GC equipped with a flame ionisation detector. The aqueous s

Background: Pharmacodynamic investigations with antimicrobials define the relationship between the infecting organism and achievable drug concentrations with clinical outcome. Objective: To examine this relationship for meropenem in a population of patients who are at high risk of infection-related morbidity and mortality. Methods: The study was a retrospective analysis of a multicenter, randomize

A flexible method of preparing and macroscopically aligning nanoparticles of crystalline silver into millimeter long fibers is presented. The approach utilizes the dual functionality of a reverse hexagonal liquid crystalline template containing a built-in reducing agent facing the aqueous domain. The method is advantageous in that its slow kinetics allows for a thorough introduction of a silver sa

To contribute to the body of empirical research on fault distributions during development of complex software systems, a replication of a study of Fenton and Ohlsson is conducted. The hypotheses from the original study are investigated using data taken from an environment that differs in terms of system size, project duration, and programming language. We have investigated four sets of hypotheses

When pricing public utility services Swedish municipalities are not allowed to charge more than their full cost. A dominant cost component in operations such as energy distribution or handling water and wastewater is the cost of fixed assets-depreciation plus interest, here referred to as "capital service cost" (CSC). The maximum acceptable price for the services is the full cost, i.e., variable c

MR spectroscopy was performed in three patients with brain abscesses. In two patients, MR spectroscopy revealed end-products of bacterial breakdown (acetate, succinate, amino acids, lactate) in the abscess cysts. In one of these, the spectrum was reversed to a single lactate peak after treatment. In the third patient, MR spectroscopy was performed only after treatment and showed a single nonspecif

BACKGROUND: Most staging systems for soft tissue sarcoma are based on histologic malignancy-grade, tumor size and tumor depth. These factors are generally dichotomized, size at 5 cm. We believe it is unlikely that tumor depth per se should influence a tumor's metastatic capability. Therefore we hypothesized that the unfavourable prognostic importance of depth could be explained by the close associ

OBJECTIVE—Sleep deprivation in healthy men has been experimentally found to result in disturbances in glucose metabolism and in sympathovagal imbalance. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether sleep disturbances and elevated resting heart rate are associated with increased risk of developing diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A group of 6,599 initially healthy, nondiabetic men

This study is on a combined effect of window, the daylighting and the thermal effects, in desert houses. It is comprised of two complementary studies. In the introduction a historical review on the development of use daylight has been carried out in order to place the case study in a historical perspective. The first study is comprehensive and contains two main parts. In the first part a study was

An integrative vector was constructed to allow expression of heterologous proteins into the adhB locus of Zymomonas mobilis. As a reporter gene, the ORF of a bright variant of green fluorescent protein from Aequorea victoria (GFPuv) was fused to the adhB strong promoter from Z. mobilis by using a two-step PCR strategy. Z. mobilis recombinant strains that were stably marked by precise gene replacem

This paper presents a study of the turbulence field in an optical diesel engine operated under motored conditions using both large eddy simulation (LES) and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). The study was performed in a laboratory optical diesel engine based on a recent production engine from VOLVO Car. PIV is used to study the flow field in the cylinder, particularly inside the piston bowl that i

Tandemly repeated 340 bp sequences, TA repeats, are present in seven of the eight pairs of chromosome ends in Chironomus pallidivittatus, being absent from the telocentric left end of chromosome four. We have previously shown that the family of TA repeats consists of four main subfamilies. One subfamily is composed of a master unit and the other three contain derived units, each of which has a sma