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Forests are integral to the global carbon cycle, acting as major carbon sinks, though their capacity can be altered by climate and land use changes. India has a diverse forest ecosystem, but the dynamics and changes in its carbon stocks under a changing climate are not well understood. This study investigates the regional and temporal changes in vegetation carbon biomass (VCB) within Indian forest
One of the major subfields of chemical ecology is the study of toxins and how they mediate interactions between organisms. Toxins produced by harmful algae (phycotoxins) impact a wide variety of organisms connected to the marine food web. Significant research efforts have thus aimed to identify the ecological and evolutionary drivers behind harmful algal blooms (HABs) to facilitate their forecasti
This review synthesises current evidence on the clinical utility of foam-based posturography in the assessment of vestibular pathologies. It critically evaluates: (1) the physiological mechanisms underlying foam posturography and its capacity to determine vestibular contributions; (2) methodological variability across testing protocols, including differences in foam properties, stance conditions a
In 2024, the European Academy of Paediatrics (EAP) published a list of 10 low-value practices in paediatric care. Embedded in the Choosing Wisely framework, this list is a step towards promoting targeted and evidence-based care. However, no single recommendation can change prescription habits and we need to acknowledge that overuse of the available resources has multiple causes. Among them, the ph
A causal inference framework was developed to investigate crop responses to agricultural drought by integrating meteorological data, Sentinel-2-derived data, and soil property maps. To account for crop rotation, soil, and topographical variables, propensity score matching was employed to estimate drought-induced yield losses at the field level for selected periods. The Plant Phenology Index (PPI)
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a leading cause of heart failure and cardiac transplantation. We report a genome-wide association study and multi-trait analysis of DCM (14,256 cases) and three left ventricular traits (36,203 UK Biobank participants). We identified 80 genomic risk loci and prioritized 62 putative effector genes, including several with rare variant DCM associations (MAP3K7, NEDD4L a
Life-history strategies emerge from eco-evolutionary constraints, where organisms allocate limited resources to growth, survival, and reproduction, resulting in trade-offs such as the growth–survival trade-off. There is still a limited understanding of whether and how disturbance regimes and successional stages might mediate such trade-offs, with potential consequences for species population dynam
There has been a growing interest in how workers in high-carbon industries are impacted by low-carbon transitions and how such transitions can be implemented in a way that is just. This study explores the socio-cultural dimensions of these processes, focusing on the role of identity in shaping workers’ perceptions of low-carbon transitions and their ability to navigate change. It does so through a
With the need of renovation in the current timber structures, use of a cement based layer is a popular solution, which improves the structural integrity and increases the structural mass. In this paper, the use of a lightweight concrete with dowel type connections is investigated since such a combination can serve for both new and existing structures. Two types of dowel connections are experimenta
Large-scale genomic resources can place genetic variation into an ecologically informed context. To advance our understanding of the population genetics of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, we present an expanded release of the community-generated population genomics resource Drosophila Evolution over Space and Time (DEST 2.0; https://dest.bio/). This release includes 530 high-quality pooled
Given the severe land-use and land-cover change pressure on tropical forests and the high demand for field observations of ecosystem characteristics, it is crucial to collect such data both in pristine tropical forests and in the converted deforested land-cover classes. To gain insight into the ecosystem characteristics of pristine tropical forests (EFs), regrowth forests (RFs), and cashew plantat
To evaluate a simplified version of the Clinical Frailty Scale (SCFS) among older adults presenting to the emergency department (ED) with acute dyspnea. In this retrospective single-center cohort study, we included patients from the Acute Dyspnea Study (ADYS) cohort. Severity of illness was assessed using the Medical Emergency Triage and Treatment System (METTS). SCFS was operationalized using exi
Constans (CO), one of the key transcription factors of the zinc finger family, plays a crucial role in the photoperiodism-dependant flowering pathway. A systematic structural and functional analysis of the CO gene homologs need to be conducted in mango cultivars with contrasting bearing behaviors: ‘Amrapali’ (regular) and ‘Chausa’ (irregular). RNA-Seq leaf transcriptomes were mined for CO homologs
Accurate labels are critical for deriving robust machine learning models. Labels are used to train supervised learning models and to evaluate most machine learning paradigms. In this paper, we model the accuracy and cost of a common weak labeling process where annotators assign presence or absence labels to fixed-length data segments for a given event class. The annotator labels a segment as "pres
This study evaluates how well five Regional Climate Model (RCM) projections at resolutions from 44 km to 3 km reproduce wet and dry spells compared with observations at six locations in Scania, southern Sweden. Future changes in general and extreme wet and dry signals were also analyzed under RCP8.5 to the end of the 21st century. Convection-permitting climate models (CPMs), operating at resolutio
whiE is a complex locus that specifies the polyketide spore pigment in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). Two divergently oriented promoters, whiEP1 and whiEP2, were identified in the whiE gene cluster, and their activities were analyzed during colony development in wild-type and sporulation-deficient strains. Both promoters were developmentally regulated; whiEP1 and whiEP2 transcripts were detected t
In this work, we have studied how the choice of the continuous phase oils affects droplet-internal acoustic manipulation and mapped the acoustic properties of the selected oils to evaluate their compatibility with droplet acoustofluidic methods. The selection of continuous phase included hydrocarbon, fluorinated, and silicone oils. To map the acoustic properties of the oils, we measured their spee
Accurately predicting terrestrial ecosystem responses to climate change over long-timescales is crucial for addressing global challenges. This relies on mechanistic modeling of ecosystem processes through land surface models (LSMs). Despite their importance, LSMs face significant uncertainties due to poorly constrained parameters, especially in carbon cycle predictions. This paper reviews the prog
Forests play a crucial role in Europe’s strategy for achieving carbon neutrality. Carbon turnover time - the time that carbon spends in the ecosystem - is a fundamental component in determining forest potential to mitigate climate change. However, there is a significant knowledge gap regarding how current and future forest management practices will affect carbon turnover time. This study aims to c
